Territorial Command
General Headquarters (until 1849)
The structure of the territorial command bodies has its roots at the beginning of the 18th century (with the exception of the territory of the Croatian-Slavonian military border, where a territorial command structure was established as early as the 16th century). At that time, the process ended, at the beginning of which was the command authority of the commanders of the individual fortresses, which increasingly extended beyond the walls of their fortified settlements. In the first half of the 18th century, the so-called General Command ( General-Commandos) was established in the individual countries of the Habsburg system, which was subordinated to Court War Council in Vienna. All military units and facilities located in the territory under their jurisdiction were subordinated to the General Command. In the second half of the 18th century, the General Headquarters were located in Vienna, Graz, Innsbruck, Freiburg, Prague, Brno, Lviv, Bratislava (or Buda), Sibini, Timisoara, Petrovarazin, Zagreb, Milan (or Verona), and Brussels. After the acquisition of Dalmatia, a military and then a general headquarters were established in Zadar. One or more military headquarters ( Militär-Commandos) were subordinated to some general headquarters. E.g. headquarters in Vienna military headquarters in Linz. Delegated military courts ( Judicium delegatum militare) or delegated military courts ( Judicium delegatum militare mixtum) have also been set up at headquarters.
Army Headquarters and Provincial Military Headquarters (1849-1853)
In October 1849, the system of territorial command structures was reorganized, which brought double-track. Four Army Headquarters ( Armee-Commandos) were established, subject to twelve Army Corps ( Armeekorps) and two reserve corps ([i ] Reservekorps). At the beginning, the 1st and 4th Corps were subject to the 1st Army Headquarters in Vienna, II. Army Headquarters in Verona Corps 5 to 9, III. Army Headquarters in Budapest Corps 10 to 13 and IV. Army Command then the 14th Corps. The subordination of the churches gradually changed.
Administrative affairs and relations with civilian authorities were then provided by the Landes-Militär-Commandos ([a] Landes-Militär-Commandos), which communicated directly with the Ministry of War on these matters. The Land's military headquarters were located in Vienna, Linz, Brno, Opava, Prague, Graz, Innsbruck; Ljubljana, Trieste, Verona, Milan; Bude, Timisoara, Sibini; Krakow, Lviv and Chernivtsi. In November 1850, another adjustment was made when a distinction was made between the larger provincial military headquarters ( Landes-Militär-Commandos) and the smaller military headquarters ( Militär-Commandos), which was subordinate to the lands. Some provincial headquarters were changed to military headquarters, some military headquarters were newly established.
1853-1883
In 1853, the military and administrative agenda was unified in the army and corps headquarters. When the Austrian army was partially mobilized during the Crimean War, the Army General Command ( Armee-General-Commandos) was established. The military authorities in the background were designated as the headquarters of the reserve troops ( Reservetruppen-Commandos). Another reorganization took place as early as 1856. All headquarters with their own administration were still referred to as provincial general headquarters ( Landesgeneralkommanden). These headquarters were subordinated to the army headquarters. The following year, the number of these provincial general headquarters was adjusted to ten (Vienna, Prague, Brno, Verona, Buda, Sibiu, Lviv, Zagreb, Timisoara, Zagreb). His own commanding general was appointed for Timisoara, Zadar and Zagreb.At the head of the army headquarters was the commander of the army, in Prague, Brno and Sibini commander of the corps located here. In the event of an outbreak of war, the provincial general headquarters remained in place, while the corps headquarters passed under the command of their respective army commanders. The Mobile Army Headquarters consisted of an adjutant general, an operations office, a field artillery directorate, a field engineering directorate, and an army general headquarters for handling administrative matters.
In September 1859, the IV. Army Headquarters, in October of the same year was abolished I. Army Headquarters along with the 9th, 10th and 11th Corps. The same fate befell in May 1860 the Cavalry Command, III. Army Headquarters and 6th Corps. In 1862, the headquarters of all divisions were abolished. Only the Italian Army Headquarters, whose headquarters were moved from Verona to Udine, and seven corps were preserved. In 1860, military headquarters were again established in some of the larger capitals of the various parts of the monarchy (Trieste, Rijeka, Pula, Graz, Linz, Krakow, Velky Varadin, Kosice, Bratislava). In July 1866, the current Lombard-Venetian general commando was moved from Udine to Ljubljana and continued to operate only for Carinthia, Carniola, Istria, Trieste, Tyrol and Vorarlberg). In October 1866, the General Headquarters was moved from Ljubljana to Graz. It continued to cover Styria, which was excluded from Vienna's headquarters, Carinthia, Carniola, Istria, Gorica, Trieste, Tyrol and Vorarlberg - but the last two territories only until 1869. The headquarters in Brno was abolished and transferred to for a short time to the Vienna Ministry of War. The Land General Headquarters was transformed into a General Headquarters. Their name contained the name of their seat. In September 1866, the headquarters of all corps was abolished. The division headquarters remained. In addition to the previous purely military tasks, these headquarters also provided certain administrative matters, for which the task was assigned to the appropriate personnel. The division headquarters thus represented a basic level within the higher military structures. From February 1869, the territorial division was established on the basis of supplementary districts. In larger areas, the General ( General-Commanden) headquarters, in the smaller ones, the so-called divisional and military headquarters ( Truppen-Divisions- und Militär-Commanden). In 1872, the division headquarters was separated from the military headquarters.
Corps Headquarters (1883-1914)
On January 1, 1883, fifteen corps headquarters ( Korpskommandos) and one military headquarters ( Militärkommando) were reorganized. Corps headquarters was located in Krakow (1st), Vienna (2nd), Graz (3rd), Budapest (5th), Košice (6th), Timisoara (7th), Prague (8th), Josefov (9th), Brno (10th), Lviv (11th), Sibini (12) .), Zagreb (13th), Innsbruck (14th) and Sarajevo (15th). The military headquarters was located in Zadar. It was replaced in 1909 by the headquarters of the 16th Corps in Dubrovnik. At some corps headquarters, the headquarters were later moved or the territory under its jurisdiction was modified. Division commanders were directly subordinate to the division commanders. In 1889, corps commanders received the title of commanding general. At the turn of the century, the corps headquarters consisted of a military department (headed by a chief of staff), a construction department, a quartermaster and auxiliary bodies, which were the artillery commander, legal clerk, chief of health, military pastor and later veterinary clerk. Shortly before the beginning of the First World War, a car clerk joined them. A fortress construction director was also assigned to the headquarters of the 14th and 15th Corps. Shortly before the outbreak of war, this post was established at headquarters in Budapest, Lviv and Dubrovnik.
First World War (1914-1918)
When the First World War broke out, the structures split again.The original corps headquarters ( Korpskommandos) was divided into corps headquarters ( Korpskommandos), which pulled into the field and military headquarters ([i: aaaaa ] Militärkommandos), which provided military administration, contact with civilian authorities and training of reserve units and other similar matters required by the field army.
Resources:
www.archivinformationssystem.at
In progress
General Headquarters (until 1849)
The structure of the territorial command bodies has its roots at the beginning of the 18th century (with the exception of the territory of the Croatian-Slavonian military border, where a territorial command structure was established as early as the 16th century). At that time, the process ended, at the beginning of which was the command authority of the commanders of the individual fortresses, which increasingly extended beyond the walls of their fortified settlements. In the first half of the 18th century, the so-called General Command ( General-Commandos) was established in the individual countries of the Habsburg system, which was subordinated to Court War Council in Vienna. All military units and facilities located in the territory under their jurisdiction were subordinated to the General Command. In the second half of the 18th century, the General Headquarters were located in Vienna, Graz, Innsbruck, Freiburg, Prague, Brno, Lviv, Bratislava (or Buda), Sibini, Timisoara, Petrovarazin, Zagreb, Milan (or Verona), and Brussels. After the acquisition of Dalmatia, a military and then a general headquarters were established in Zadar. One or more military headquarters ( Militär-Commandos) were subordinated to some general headquarters. E.g. headquarters in Vienna military headquarters in Linz. Delegated military courts ( Judicium delegatum militare) or delegated military courts ( Judicium delegatum militare mixtum) have also been set up at headquarters.
Army Headquarters and Provincial Military Headquarters (1849-1853)
In October 1849, the system of territorial command structures was reorganized, which brought double-track. Four Army Headquarters ( Armee-Commandos) were established, subject to twelve Army Corps ( Armeekorps) and two reserve corps ([i ] Reservekorps). At the beginning, the 1st and 4th Corps were subject to the 1st Army Headquarters in Vienna, II. Army Headquarters in Verona Corps 5 to 9, III. Army Headquarters in Budapest Corps 10 to 13 and IV. Army Command then the 14th Corps. The subordination of the churches gradually changed.
Administrative affairs and relations with civilian authorities were then provided by the Landes-Militär-Commandos ([a] Landes-Militär-Commandos), which communicated directly with the Ministry of War on these matters. The Land's military headquarters were located in Vienna, Linz, Brno, Opava, Prague, Graz, Innsbruck; Ljubljana, Trieste, Verona, Milan; Bude, Timisoara, Sibini; Krakow, Lviv and Chernivtsi. In November 1850, another adjustment was made when a distinction was made between the larger provincial military headquarters ( Landes-Militär-Commandos) and the smaller military headquarters ( Militär-Commandos), which was subordinate to the lands. Some provincial headquarters were changed to military headquarters, some military headquarters were newly established.
1853-1883
In 1853, the military and administrative agenda was unified in the army and corps headquarters. When the Austrian army was partially mobilized during the Crimean War, the Army General Command ( Armee-General-Commandos) was established. The military authorities in the background were designated as the headquarters of the reserve troops ( Reservetruppen-Commandos). Another reorganization took place as early as 1856. All headquarters with their own administration were still referred to as provincial general headquarters ( Landesgeneralkommanden). These headquarters were subordinated to the army headquarters. The following year, the number of these provincial general headquarters was adjusted to ten (Vienna, Prague, Brno, Verona, Buda, Sibiu, Lviv, Zagreb, Timisoara, Zagreb). His own commanding general was appointed for Timisoara, Zadar and Zagreb.At the head of the army headquarters was the commander of the army, in Prague, Brno and Sibini commander of the corps located here. In the event of an outbreak of war, the provincial general headquarters remained in place, while the corps headquarters passed under the command of their respective army commanders. The Mobile Army Headquarters consisted of an adjutant general, an operations office, a field artillery directorate, a field engineering directorate, and an army general headquarters for handling administrative matters.
In September 1859, the IV. Army Headquarters, in October of the same year was abolished I. Army Headquarters along with the 9th, 10th and 11th Corps. The same fate befell in May 1860 the Cavalry Command, III. Army Headquarters and 6th Corps. In 1862, the headquarters of all divisions were abolished. Only the Italian Army Headquarters, whose headquarters were moved from Verona to Udine, and seven corps were preserved. In 1860, military headquarters were again established in some of the larger capitals of the various parts of the monarchy (Trieste, Rijeka, Pula, Graz, Linz, Krakow, Velky Varadin, Kosice, Bratislava). In July 1866, the current Lombard-Venetian general commando was moved from Udine to Ljubljana and continued to operate only for Carinthia, Carniola, Istria, Trieste, Tyrol and Vorarlberg). In October 1866, the General Headquarters was moved from Ljubljana to Graz. It continued to cover Styria, which was excluded from Vienna's headquarters, Carinthia, Carniola, Istria, Gorica, Trieste, Tyrol and Vorarlberg - but the last two territories only until 1869. The headquarters in Brno was abolished and transferred to for a short time to the Vienna Ministry of War. The Land General Headquarters was transformed into a General Headquarters. Their name contained the name of their seat. In September 1866, the headquarters of all corps was abolished. The division headquarters remained. In addition to the previous purely military tasks, these headquarters also provided certain administrative matters, for which the task was assigned to the appropriate personnel. The division headquarters thus represented a basic level within the higher military structures. From February 1869, the territorial division was established on the basis of supplementary districts. In larger areas, the General ( General-Commanden) headquarters, in the smaller ones, the so-called divisional and military headquarters ( Truppen-Divisions- und Militär-Commanden). In 1872, the division headquarters was separated from the military headquarters.
Corps Headquarters (1883-1914)
On January 1, 1883, fifteen corps headquarters ( Korpskommandos) and one military headquarters ( Militärkommando) were reorganized. Corps headquarters was located in Krakow (1st), Vienna (2nd), Graz (3rd), Budapest (5th), Košice (6th), Timisoara (7th), Prague (8th), Josefov (9th), Brno (10th), Lviv (11th), Sibini (12) .), Zagreb (13th), Innsbruck (14th) and Sarajevo (15th). The military headquarters was located in Zadar. It was replaced in 1909 by the headquarters of the 16th Corps in Dubrovnik. At some corps headquarters, the headquarters were later moved or the territory under its jurisdiction was modified. Division commanders were directly subordinate to the division commanders. In 1889, corps commanders received the title of commanding general. At the turn of the century, the corps headquarters consisted of a military department (headed by a chief of staff), a construction department, a quartermaster and auxiliary bodies, which were the artillery commander, legal clerk, chief of health, military pastor and later veterinary clerk. Shortly before the beginning of the First World War, a car clerk joined them. A fortress construction director was also assigned to the headquarters of the 14th and 15th Corps. Shortly before the outbreak of war, this post was established at headquarters in Budapest, Lviv and Dubrovnik.
First World War (1914-1918)
When the First World War broke out, the structures split again.The original corps headquarters ( Korpskommandos) was divided into corps headquarters ( Korpskommandos), which pulled into the field and military headquarters ([i: aaaaa ] Militärkommandos), which provided military administration, contact with civilian authorities and training of reserve units and other similar matters required by the field army.
Resources:
www.archivinformationssystem.at
In progress