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latinka | azbuka |
A, a | A, a |
B, b | Б, б |
V, v | В, в |
G, g | Г, г |
D, d | Д, д |
je | E, e |
jo | Ë, ë |
Ž, ž | Ж. ж |
Z, z | З, з |
I, i | И, и |
J, j | Й, й |
K, k | К, к |
L, l | Л, л |
M, m | М. м |
N, n | Н, н |
O, o | O, o |
P, p | П, п |
R, r | Р, р |
S, s | С, с |
T, t | Т, т |
U, u | У, у |
F, f | Ф, ф |
Ch, ch | Х, х |
C, c | Ц, ц |
Č, č | Ч, ч |
Š, š | Ш, ш |
Šč, šč | Щ, щ |
Tvrdý znak | ъ |
Y, y | Ы, ы |
Měkký znak | ь |
ju | Ю, ю |
ja | Я, я |
Azbuka | Přepis | Příklad | Přepis příkladu |
e | je - na začátku slova, po samohláskách a jerech (měkký ь a tvrdý ъ) | Есенин | Jesenin |
ě - po д, т, н | Тургенев | Turgeněv | |
e - po д, т, н u jmen neruského původu | Бернштейн | Bernštejn | |
e - po ostatních souhláskách (po retnicích /hlásky b, f, l m,p/ se někdy píše ě, např. Goluběv) | Сергей | Sergej | |
ë | jo | Фëдор | Fjodor |
ďo, ťo, ňo - po д, т, н (дë, тë, нë) | Будëнный | Buďonnyj | |
žo, šo, čo ščo - po ж, ш, ч, щ (жë, шë, чë, щë) | Хрущëв | Chruščov | |
э | e | Эрмитаж | Ermitaž |
и | i - všude kromě po ь | Иванов | Ivanov |
ji - po ь | Ильич | Iljič | |
ъ | vynechává se | адъюутант | adjutant |
ь | vynechává se | Горький | Gorkij |
ď, ť, ň - po д, т, н (дь, ть, нь) | Третьяков | Treťjakov | |
ы | y | Быков | Bykov |
ю | ju | Юрий | Jurij |
ďu, ťu,ňu - po д, т, н (дю, тю, ню) | Тютчев | Ťutčev | |
я | ja | Яковлев | Jakovlev |
ďa, ťa, ňa - po д, т, н (дя, тя, ня) | Володя | Voloďa | |
кс | ks | Оксана | Oksana |
x - u neruských slov | Александр | Alexandr |
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Citace - gruppe.drei :
Jaký je správný zápis čísla římskými číslicemi?
- LXXXXI. versus - XCI.
První link odkazuje na ten druhý.
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Citace - Rad :
Důležité Bitaxeovo upozornění, pokud jde o římská čísla v označeních voj. útvarů: Je vždy nutno zachovávat dobový zápis a nepřepisovat ho do arabských čísel. Římská čísla byla určena pro vyšší útvary, arabská pro nižší (třeba divize). Navíc způsob zápisu je důležitý i pro vyhledávače, pokud hledáte armádní skupinu LXXXX určitě ji nenajde vyhledávač jako XC, nebo dokonce 90. Tohle prostě není o tom jak to píšeme u nás, ale o tom jak (a proč) se to psalo tehdy. Změny jsou proto značně pochybné a nevhodné.
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Pád | Rod mužský | Rod ženský | Rod střední | Příklad |
---|---|---|---|---|
1. (kdo, co) | jenž | jež | jež | Voják, jenž hleděl z okna. Žena, jež stála po jeho boku. Dítě, jež si hrálo u jejich nohou. |
2. (bez/u koho, čeho) | jehož/něhož | jíž/níž | jehož/něhož | Revolver, bez něhož se Kid nehnul. Žena, bez níž by se obešel. Stavení, bez něhož by krajina vypadala prázdně. |
3. (komu, čemu) | jemuž/němuž | jíž/níž | jemuž/němuž | Voják, jemuž jsem podal další zásobník. Most, k němuž jsme běželi. Zdravotnice, jíž jsme přivezli zásoby. Vesnice, k níž jsme pochodovali. Město, jemuž jsme měli pomoci a k němuž jsme nyní pochodovali. |
4. (pro/spatřit koho, co | jejž/nějž (živ. i neživ.); jehož/něhož (živ.) | již/niž | jež/něž | Voják, na něhož jsem mířil. Terč, na nějž jsem střílel. Žena, na niž jsem myslel. Vyznamenání, pro něž bych udělal všechno. |
6. (o kom, o čem) | němž | níž | němž | Generál, o němž nikdo neměl valného mínění. Žena, o níž jsem snil. Letadlo, o němž byl článek. |
7. (s kým, čím) | jímž/nímž | jíž/níž | jímž/nímž | Letoun, s nímž jsem letěl. Důstojnice, s níž jsem diskutoval. Dělo, s nímž jsem táhl Evropou. |
Pád | Rod mužský | Rod ženský | Rod střední | Příklad |
---|---|---|---|---|
1. (kdo, co) | jež (neživ.); již (živ.) | jež | jež | Motory, jež vychládaly. Vojáci, již pochodovali. Ženy, jež dřely na polích. Děti, jež si hrály ve stodole. |
2. (bez/u koho, čeho) | jichž, nichž, jejichž | jichž, nichž, jejichž | jichž, nichž, jejichž | Stroje, u nichž se vyskytly poruchy. Dívky, jichž se musím vzdát. Města, bez nichž nemůže království existovat. |
3. (komu, čemu) | jimž, nimž | jimž, nimž | jimž, nimž | Feldkuráti, jimž musí buršové posluhovat. Brány, k nimž mířila kavalerie. Děla, k nimž byly horečně dopravovány náboje. |
4. (pro/spatřit koho, co | jež/něž | jež/něž | jež/něž | Letouny, pro něž přivážejí palivo. Divize, pro něž nebylo dost zásob. Mýdla, pro něž se musí vězňové sklonit. |
6. (o kom, o čem) | nichž | nichž | nichž | Rytíři, o nichž se zpívalo v písních. Země, o nichž se jednalo. Jídla, o nichž se nám jen zdálo. |
7. (s kým, čím) | jimiž/nimiž | jimiž/nimiž | jimiž/nimiž | Vládcové, s nimiž byl lid rychle hotov. Dýky, jimiž byly páchány vraždy. Mazadla, jimiž byly ošetřeny hlavně. |
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Pád | Tvar |
---|---|
1. | Korea |
2. | Korey/Koreje |
3. | Koreji |
4. | Koreu |
5. | Koreo! |
6. | Koreji |
7. | Koreou/Korejí |
Pád | č. jednotné | č. množné |
---|---|---|
1. | muzeum | muzea |
2. | muzea | muzeí |
3. | muzeu | muzeím |
4. | muzeum | muzea |
5. | muzeum! | muzea! |
6. | muzeu | muzeích |
7. | muzeem | muzei |
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