SOV - 76mm divizní kanon vz. 1933 (F-19, 52-P-363, M1933)

The 76-mm divisional gun F-19 vz.1933 (76-mm дивизионная пушка обр. 1933г), 52-P-363 (52-П-363) was constructed in the design bureau of the Permsky plant under the direction of V.N. Sidorenko in 1933. The cannon was included in the Red Army's armament in late 1933 and its serial production took place from 1934 to 1936 at Permsky plant and at the Novaya Sormovo plant. In total, about 200 cannons were produced. The design was an extension (from 30 to 50 calibers) and reinforcement (due to the increased weight of the cartridge) of the barrel of the field gun vz. 1902 mounted on a 122 mm howitzer vz. 1910/30.


The final solution was preceded by several attempts in previous years - in addition to field modifications, implemented sporadically already in 1914-1921 on the battlefields, a similar modification was implemented in 1929 - a barrel with a length of 40 calibers placed on the lappette of a 122 mm howitzer vz. 1909. The gun had a range of -2°-40°, a range of +/- 2° and a firing height of 1003 mm. The disadvantage of the solution was an increase in weight up to 1.5 times. The tested variant reached a weight of 1351 kg / 2227 kg (combat/martial position). The weapon was not introduced into the armament, as, according to the representatives of the department, similar development was not rational. In spite of the above opinion, the development continued in the following period until the successful end. The advantage of the adopted solution (despite the increase in weight) was the sufficient number of shells in the army and its proven qualities from the battles of 1914-1921. At the same time, an increase in aiming range beyond 45° was achieved without further design modifications.


The cannon is specific in that a new ammunition was designed especially for it, using the so-called grooved cartridge, which had projections that fit into grooves in the barrel, which was supposed to increase the muzzle velocity even with a greater weight of the shell. In tests, it was indeed found that the 8.3 kg grenade had a muzzle velocity of 710 m/s and a range of up to 16,544 m. However, further increases in weight up to 12 kg, coupled with the lengthening of the grenade, caused lateral instability due to aerodynamic forces.



Source: Ivanov A.: Artillerie СССР во Второй мировой войне; Neva 2003; St. Petersburg

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