Kokusai Ki 59 [Theresa]

Kokusai Ki 59/ 国際 キ59一式输送机
     
Název:
Name:
Kokusai Ki-59 Kokusai Ki-59
Originální název:
Original Name:
国際 キ59
Kategorie:
Category:
dopravní letoun passenger aeroplane
Výrobce:
Producer:
DD.MM.1939-DD.12.1941 Japan International Air Industries, Ltd., Hiratsuka /
Období výroby:
Production Period:
DD.MM.1941-DD.12.1941 série
Vyrobeno kusů:
Number of Produced:
1 prototyp
58 sériově vyrobených
První vzlet:
Maiden Flight:
DD.06.1939
Osádka:
Crew:
2-3 + 8 pasažérů
Základní charakteristika:
Basic Characteristics:
 
Vzlet a přistání:
Take-off and Landing:
CTOL - konvenční vzlet a přistání CTOL - conventional take-off and landing
Uspořádání křídla:
Arrangement of Wing:
jednoplošník monoplane
Uspořádání letounu:
Aircraft Concept:
klasické conventional
Podvozek:
Undercarriage:
pevný fixed
Přistávací zařízení:
Landing Gear:
kola wheels
Technické údaje:
Technical Data:
 
Hmotnost prázdného letounu:
Empty Weight:
2800 kg 6173 lb
Vzletová hmotnost:
Take-off Weight:
4120 kg 9083 lb
Maximální vzletová hmotnost:
Maximum Take-off Weight:
4400 kg 9700 lb
Rozpětí:
Wingspan:
16,980 m 55ft 8,5in
Délka:
Length:
12,530 m 41ft 1,31in
Výška:
Height:
3,050 m 10ft 0,07in
Plocha křídla:
Wing Area:
38,40 m2 413.333 ft2
Plošné zatížení:
Wing Loading:
107,30 kg/m2 21.98 lb/ft2
Pohon:
Propulsion:
 
Kategorie:
Category:
pístový piston
Počet motorů:
Number of Engines:
2
Typ:
Type:
Hitači Ha-13a, vzduchem chlazený hvězdicový devítiválec o vzletovém výkonu 375 kW (510 k) a 331 kW (450 k) v h= 1 810 m.
Vrtule trojlistá s nastavitelným úhlem náběhu.
Hitachi Ha-13a (Ko) nine-cylinder air-cooled single-row radial engines rated at 503 hp for take-off and 444 hp at 5,938 ft,
driving three-blade variable-pitch propellers.
Objem palivových nádrží:
Fuel Tank Capacity:
? ?
Výkony:
Performance:
 
Maximální rychlost:
Maximum Speed:
307 km/h v 1810 m 190.8 mph in 5938 ft
Cestovní rychlost:
Cruise Speed:
276 km/h v 2000 m 171.5 mph in 6562 ft
Rychlost stoupání:
Climb Rate:
? m/s ? ft/min
Čas výstupu na výšku:
Time to Climb to:
? min do ? m ? min to ? ft
Operační dostup:
Service Ceiling:
? m ? ft
Dolet:
Range:
800 km 497.1 mi
Maximální dolet:
Maximum Range:
? km ? mi
Výzbroj:
Armament:
žádná None
Uživatelské státy:
User States:
Poznámka:
Note:
一式輸送機 / Isšiki-jusōki / armádní dopravní letoun typ 1
Spojenecké kódové jméno Theresa.


Viz historie typu
一式輸送機 / Isshiki-yusōki / Army Type 1 Transport
The Allied reporting name was "Theresa".


In 1937, at the request of the Air Division of the Ministry of Transport, Nippon Koku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha undertook to design an eight-to ten-seat commercial light transport for use on medium-range local services. Designated Teradakoken TK-3 and powered by a pair of 640 hp Nakajima Kotobuki 3, the aircraft was of high-wing design with long faired undercarriage attached to the engine nacelles and a fuselage of tapering square section. First flight was in June 1938, the aircraft have been criticized wrong flight characteristics and rate of climb was disappointing; consequently, only two prototypes were built.


The aircraft's performance, however, closely matched the requirements of the Japanese Army's pressing need for light transport aircraft. Imperial Japanese Army Air Force in 1939 the project designated Ki-59. In their initial form these aircraft differed little from their commercial forerunner with the exception of the installation of miliary interior fittings and equipment and the replacement of the Nakajima Kotobuki 3 engines by a pair of 450 hp Army Type 98 (Hitachi Ha-13a). Flight tests, which began in June 1939, revealed the need to modify the shape of the nose to improve pilot visibility and to alter the shape of the undercarriage fairings, and redesigned vertical tail surfaces of greatly imcreased area had to be fitted. With the incorporation of these modifications the flying characteristics of the aircraft improved markedly and the Ki-59 was placed in production in 1941 as the Army Type 1 Transport. Code-named 'Theresa' by the Allies the aircraft remained in production for a short period only, as it was replaced by the Tachikawa Ki-54c.


In December 1941 a Ki-59 was modified to become a glider (Kokusai Ku-8-II) by removing the engines and undercarriage and by fitting skids to the bottom of the fuselage.
Zdroje:
Sources:
René J. Francillon Ph.D., Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War, Naval Institute Press, Annapolis Maryland, Reprinted 1990, ISBN-0-87021-313-X
Gordon L. Rottman a Akira Takizawa, Japanese Paratroop Forces of World War II, Osprey Publishing, rok 2005, ISBN: 1-84176-903-7
L+K č. 20/1994, Václav Němeček, Letadla 39-45, Kokusai Ki-59
www.csd.uwo.ca
http://pwencycl.kgbudge.com/K/i/Ki-59_Theresa.htm
members.fortunecity.de
http://www.hikotai.net/datasheets/ki59.htm
www.aviastar.org
http://www.airwar.ru/enc/cww2/ki59.html
archiv autora
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Kokusai-Ki-59-Theresa-t29050#102618 Version : 0
Kokusai Ki-59


History:


In 1937, the Imperial Japanese Ministry of Transportation realized that civilian carriers in Japan were short of airliners, and that the fleet was hopelessly obsolete because it was made up of predominantly archaic-looking Fokkers.


However, all production capacities of large aircraft factories were fully utilized by the supply of aircraft for the army or naval air force. So there was only one thing left - to assign the development of civil aircraft to small factories and companies that were not yet busy with the production of military aircraft.
One such factory was the small Nippon Koku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha factory in Hiracuka, Kanagawa Prefecture. The Ministry of Transport ordered the development and construction of two prototypes here, these prototypes bore the designation Teradakoken TK-3. The aircraft did not bring any news and it was not even expected, it was a square twin-engine high-altitude aircraft with a fixed landing gear. The aircraft had a carrying capacity of eight passengers and the crew was two - three members. The design of the aircraft was based on the design of Fokker transport aircraft, ie aircraft that have been manufactured under license in Japan for more than ten years.


Both prototypes were handed over for testing in mid-1938. The tests did not turn out well, the Ministry of Transport had reservations about the flight characteristics, its small climb was the most annoying, so in the end it did not even order serial production.

A few months later, Rikugun Koku Hombu, who was looking for a light transport and courier plane, showed interest. The factory built another slightly modified prototype on the basis of an army order, which it handed over to the Army Air Force for testing in 1938, the Army Air Force designated this project Ki-59. A major change was the replacement of power units, military prototypes were powered by Hitachi Ha-13a engines, while civilian machines had Nakajima Kotobuki 3 engines with higher power (640 hp). In June 1939, the first prototype Ki-59 was flown.


The Technical Department of the Army Air Force required quite a few modifications and improvements, these modifications and the preparation for serial production took almost two years. It was not until 1941 that the aircraft was accepted into service as "Army transport aircraft type 1" and then began mass production, which was after the completion of 58 aircraft production was terminated, the Army Air Force preferred a more modern transport aircraft Tachikawa Ki 54.

The Nippon Koku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha factory merged with another smaller manufacturer in 1941 to form a new company called Nippon Kokusai Koku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha. Ki-59 aircraft are therefore abbreviated Kokusai Ki-59.


This transport aircraft was operationally deployed and the Allies gave it the name Theresa.


In December 1941, the Ki-59 was used for the development of a cargo glider, after dismantling engines, fuel tanks, most instrumentation and replacing the wheel chassis with retractable rails, a prototype cargo glider was created Kokusai Ku-8, but that's a different story.


Sources used:
René J. Francillon Ph.D., Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War, Naval Institute Press, Annapolis Maryland, Reprinted 1990, ISBN-0-87021-313-X
L + K No. 20/1994, Vaclav Nemecek, Aircraft 39-45, Kokusai Ki-59
author archive
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Kokusai-Ki-59-Theresa-t29050#102619 Version : 0

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Theresa na fotografii.
Kokusai Ki 59 [Theresa] -


URL : https://www.valka.cz/Kokusai-Ki-59-Theresa-t29050#102620 Version : 0

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Tojpohledový náčrtek zdroj: web1.g076.green.fastwebserver.de
Kokusai Ki 59 [Theresa] -


URL : https://www.valka.cz/Kokusai-Ki-59-Theresa-t29050#109159 Version : 0
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