Řád Vycházejícího slunce

Kjókudžicušó

Order of the Rising Sun
Orden der Aufgehenden Sonne

This order was founded by the emperor Mucuhitem how the order of general merit, who had the task of appreciating the merits of the subjects of the empire in the field of culture, art, science, economy, economy, with emphasis on the merit of the imperial house, therefore, about Japan. The order could be awarded to both soldiers, but also civilians and foreigners.
The order was based 10. April in the year 1875. The statute was intended, that this order will be divided into eight (8) grades or classes, so that the breakdown is consistent with hodnostním groups of the Japanese army and kastovnímu distribution of the civilian population. In some literature we can read that the order is divided into six degrees and two meritorious medals. The last two degrees of the order were dedicated to the soldiers of the imperial japanese army (privates and ncos). Order in Even. the class was designed for the decoration of soldiers in the general ranks. The imperial officials with the order granting the like, according to their status and classification in hodnostních and grades.
Nun decoration has in its center a red target (the medallion), which symbolizes the rising sun depicted on the state flag of Japan. This central medallion is surrounded by 32 narrow twin beams, which are white enamel and the present eight-pointed starfish.
Cant order the decoration consists of the coat of arms of the leaves "Paulovnie imperális", showing five flowers on three stalk (the fifth and sixth stage it are already just three flowers). We are talking about coats of arms of the princes of the imperial family.
The rear side of the architectural decoration from our point of view different from the side of the front. There is in addition the only inscription (hieroglyphs) Honors (Order) FOR MERIT.
A ribbon is white with 6 mm red edge stripes. Prescribed ribbon is a wide of 30 mm. For the first type of order, which was granted in the years 1875-1878 was ribbon wide 36 mm and boundary ribbons were a rich raspberry color.
The order's jewel. grades (grand cross) had a dimension of 76 x 115 mm. Made from gilded silver. Velkostuha, which is worn over the shoulder has a white color with 18 mm red strips at the edge. The statute speaks of the width of the ribbons 121 mm, but most have these velkostuha dimension somewhat smaller, 106 mm.
Older velkostuhy have color again, which is more yellowish and the edges are raspberry, or dark red. The current ribbons are, however, already pure white and the edges of the red color. Jewel is on the velkostuha hanged on the decoration of the rosette (see figure velkokříže)
Star velkokříže is convex and has a dimension of 91 mm. It's once again on the gilded silver. In the center of the star is a red enamel locket and is around 24 spokes (see picture). The back is smooth, we see here only a header of four nýtků, which holds its own jewel of the order, and further, is here engraved (hieroglyphic) inscription :
A MEDAL FOR MERIT.
Order of the Rising sun II. class (velkodůstojník) is worn as a decoration of the medallion and is completed with the order of magnitude star. In the early days of the history of this procedure has been II. the class consists of only the order of magnitude a star non the right side of the chest. Imperial edict no. 76 of 17 .November, 1888, it was ordered that II. the degree of the order will be přizpůsobem european usages and is thus formed - the star and the crown jewel, which is worn on a neck ribbon around his neck.
Order of the Rising sun III. degree (komander) is worn on a neck ribbon around his neck. The decoration has a dimension of 55 x 88 mm. It is made of gilded silver. On a neck a ribbon is fastened with gilded ears, the ribbon has a width of 36 mm.
Order of the Rising sun IV. grade is worn on the "small" breast ribbon. On the ribbon is attached with a small rozetka. The size of the badge is 46 x 74 mm. This grade is made from gilded silver. In the elevation of leaves and flowers "pawlovnie" we can count the florets in order : five -, seven -, and five flowers.
Order of the Rising sun In. grade is worn on the small chest ribbon. It is made from gilded silver, the dimensions of the decorations are 46 x 71 mm. The rays of the decoration (diagonal), however, are no longer just silver.
In cant are the tickets "pawlovnije and flowers in this order : 3-5-3
Order of the Rising sun VI. the degree has the same dimension as the degree of the fifth, but this is no longer gold-plated.
Because the resolution of the procedure is complex even for Japanese ratios was the imperial edict of the 25th. October 1886 ordered to be the fourth degree of the order has a small rozetkou with a diameter of 22 mm, which is reinforced on the ribbon. All winners were required to leave the order as follows edit. Another "distinctive regulation" is from 1940, when it changes slightly the shape of this instance.
Order of the Rising sun, VII. the degree is made up of just green leaves "pawlovnie" on the dimension of 31 x 33 mm. They are minted from silver and double-sided enamel. Flower pawlovnie has flowers in the order of (3-5-3). On the back are four hieroglyphs.
Order of the Rising sun VIII. degrees is formed again leaves paulovnie, which are silver and not enamelled. The dimension of the decoration is 31 x 33 mm. We can, and that mainly in the decorations of the period II. world war to find the pieces that are coarser and larger. This honor was awarded for act of bravery of the soldiers in the years of wars that Japan led from 1900 - 1945.
From the year 1877 all of the decorated order of the Rising sun it is for a personal allowance, which is determined from the amount of 4o yen for knight VIII. degree up to the amount of 840 yen, which pertains to the knights Also. degrees of the order. This amount is inflation always done, but in 1967, paid the knights a one-time amount of 30 000 yen.
Among the interesting personality of the knight of the order we must include rear admiral TANAKA Raizo, which was decorated III. the degree of order. His art has shown at the island of Gaudalcanal, and later in the battle of the Solomon islands. In July 1943, was his flagship sunk.
After 1945 between the carriers of the orders of magnitude are known the names of the diplomats of the USSR and the USA. In 1968, it was for example a well-known american philanthropist and humanist, the president of the Japanese society of Rockefeler III., who was awarded the order of the Rising sun III. instance. The order is in their highest degrees, very rare. On our collector's market appears in particular from its fourth class (grade). Just at the present time, when already the young japanese generation oblivious to the traditions of their fathers, we have a unique opportunity to these timetables in their collections to complement.

Literature :
Frantisek Lobkowicz : Encyclopedia of orders and decorations
H. Taprell Dorling : Ribbons and Medals
Spassky : Inostranie even ruskuje orděna in 1917
Klietman : Pour le Mérité und Tapferkeitsmefdaille.

Order of the Rising sun with flowers Pawlovnie on velkostuze floating star

This order was founded by imperial edict no. 1 from day 4. January 1888. On the basis of the statute is the order of the higher (supreme) degree of the order of the Rising sun (velkokříže). The order was granted really for the exceptional merit of Japan, the imperial house, prominent politicians, foreigners and the highest brass. It is therefore a sure an intermediate step between the order of the Chrysanthemum and the order of the Rising sun.
Regulations in particular could receive only a person who has already been at the same time the owner of the velkokříže the order of the Rising sun. When the award of the higher degrees of the order, however, the original grand cross had to be postponed and on the clothing he could wear only this gem with flowers "pawlovnie".
The jewel of the order has the dimension of 76 x 112 mm. This order is at first glance indistinguishable from the classical velkokříže the order of the Rising sun, but it is complemented by the symbol of the imperial coat of arms, i.e. flowers "pawlonie". Most often it is made from gilded silver, but several orders of magnitude, intended exalted foreigners is made of gold. In the middle of the order is again vypuklý red "cabachon", which is surrounded by silver rays, the rays are red (red) enamel. This composition is laid on a stylized cross, which has four shoulders, each shoulder are actually three beams, which are gilded and white enamel. Between each arm are three flowers "pawlonie". The flowers are violet-enamelled.
The elevation of the jewel is made up of three green enamel leaves "paulovnie" and the purple flowers of this plant (Paulovnie imperális).
The back side of the jewel is absolutely identical with the front. However, there is the inscription (hieroglyphs) the ORDER of MERIT.
A STAR :
The star of the order has a size of 91 mm. Is convex and it is actually the jewel of the order, which has no elevation.
A RIBBON :
A ribbon (velkostuha) designed to fit the jewel is a wide 106 mm. Is the red color with white, 15 mm wide white stripes at the edges. Also, this velkostuha has in the place where is mounted the jewel of the order - rosette.
The order is bestowed in the imperial family after reaching the physical age of 15. years. In 1960 he received this order the general Douglas MacArthur (1880 - 1964) the supreme commander of the occupying troops. In Washington it is stored and the order, which received the general John J. Pershing (1860 - 1848). In the period of the Great war this order was decorated, even the English general D. Heig (1861 - 1928).

Among the sonorous names are below :
Marshal Mannerheim (1867 - 1951)
Distinguished post-war German politician Konrad Adenauer (1876 - 1967)

The literature is listed in the introductory part of the article.

1. třída s etují
Prameny:
Orders and Medals of Japan and Associated States.3rd Edition.By: James Peterson
archiv autora

2. třída s etují
Prameny:
Orders and Medals of Japan and Associated States.3rd Edition.By: James Peterson
archiv autora

4. třída - udělovací dekret
Prameny:
Orders and Medals of Japan and Associated States.3rd Edition.By: James Peterson
archiv autora

6. třída - udělovací dekret
Prameny:
Orders and Medals of Japan and Associated States.3rd Edition.By: James Peterson
archiv autora

7. třída - udělovací dekret
Prameny:
Orders and Medals of Japan and Associated States.3rd Edition.By: James Peterson
archiv autora

8. třída - udělovací dekret
Prameny:
Orders and Medals of Japan and Associated States.3rd Edition.By: James Peterson
archiv autora

@seh1: dle wiki byla "Velkostuha řádu Vycházejícího slunce s květy Paulovnie" v roce 2003 osamostatněna
en.wikipedia.org
en.wikipedia.org
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/旭日章