Aiči E13A [Jake]

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Aichi E13A – an overview of the versions

零式水上偵察機 - rei-shiki suijō teisatsuki - Float reconnaissance aircraft Type 0

Allied code name: Jake
Unofficial japanese name: Reisu
(This name was created by combining and shortening of the japanese words: Type 0 and a float plane)


Label Design of the aeroplane - a description
AM-19 Factory designation of the project three-digit aircraft
E13A1 12-Shi Experimental three-digit reconnaissance float plane 12-Shi - a prototype of the end of the year 1938
E13A1 11 Basic version, float reconnaissance aircraft
E13A1-K Training version with dual control
E13A1a 11A Changes in the radio equipment further adjustment was made floats
E13A1a-S Adjustment for night flights
E13A1b 11B Installation of the radar antennas of the type Yagi
E13A1b-With Installation of radar equipment, and adjustments for night flying
E13A1c 11C Impressive finishing with 20 mm cannons and depth charges, several aircraft bore a detector of magnetic anomalies Jikitanchiki.



Manufacturer production Period Manufactured units
愛知時計電機株式会社 - Aichi Tokei Denki Seizo Kabushiki Kaisha, Funakata, Nagoya 1938 - 1942 133
広海軍工廠 - Hiro Kaigun Kōshō (Hiroshō), Hiro (Hiro Naval Arsenal) 1940 – 1942 48
九州飛行機株式会社 - Kyūshū Hikōki Kabushiki Kaisha, Zusshonokuma 1942 - 1945 1237


sources:
Tadeusz Januszewski and Kryzysztof Zalewski, Japońskie samoloty marynarski 1912-1945, volume 1., Lampart, year 2000, ISBN: 83-86776-50-1
Famous Airplanes of the World, the Imperial Japanese Navy Reconnaissance, Well. 47, Bunrindo Co. Ltd., year 1994/7, ISBN4-89319-044-X
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aichi_E13A
author archive
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URL : https://www.valka.cz/Aici-E13A-Jake-t117830#406211 Version : 0

Aichi E13A[/heading]
零式水上偵察機 - rei-shiki suijō teisatsuki

History:


Command of the imperial navy air force (海軍航空本部 Kaigun Kōkū Hombu) in July 1937, drew up the specification 12-Shi, these specifications should be tasked to inform the supplier of aviation equipment for the new needs of naval aviation, an integral part of these specifications were the technical requirements that manufacturers must meet, or be predicted that it will come true. Specification 12-Shi demanded Kaigun Kōkū Hombu, outside other categories of aircraft, also float reconnaissance aircraft, which should replace the currently produced float reconnaissance dvouplošné aircraft Kawanishi E7K1. The navy was required dvouplovákový monoplane in two-seater configuration, and despite the fact that the E7K1 was a three-digit, the aircraft should be able to perform reconnaissance or surveillance tasks, but at the same time should be able to even dive bombing.

Command naval air force specification 12-Shi subpoenaed three companies and all three immediately begun work on the projects. The company 愛知航空機株式会社 - Aichi Tokei Denki Seizo Kabushiki Kaisha (hereinafter referred to as Aichi) presented its project of AM-18, the navy designated as the E12A1 12-Shi and the order of the maritime commission agreed to build two prototypes. Another company was 川西航空機株式会社 – Kawanishi Kōkūki Kabushiki Kaisha (hereinafter referred to as Kawanishi), the presented project E12K1 12-Shi and began with the preparation for the construction of two prototypes and, finally, the third manufacturer - 中島飛行機株式会社 - Nakajima Hikōki Kabushiki Kaisha (hereinafter referred to as Nakajima), there were built two very good looking prototypes of the marked E12N1 12-Shi. Prototypes should be zalétány either the end of the year 1937 or at the beginning of the following year. At the end of 1937, however, the game enters Kaigun Kōkū Hombu and quite fundamentally regulates the technical requirements for this category of aircraft. The newly required aircraft with trojčlennou crew and with larger dimensions.

With such a modification of the requirements to air of the factory offset completely differently, Aichi completed two prototypes E12A1 and in parallel, according to the established requirements, has built two three-digit aircraft E13A1 12-Shi. The three-digit aircraft looked like larger copies of the two-seater, but in reality, it was a completely new design. The company Kawanishi stopped preparatory work on the construction of the two-seater machines and built two prototypes according to the established requirements, these machines have been labeled as E13K1 12-Shi and participated in the competition together with E13A1. The company Nakajima completed two two-seat prototypes E12N1, other work stopped and the three-digit reconnaissance machines so even oppose it.

The first take-off prototypes Aichi was held in November (E12A1 12-Shi) and in December (E13A1 12-Shi) 1938, followed by factory tests and the removal of the identified childhood diseases. Already during the factory trials it was found that the larger three-digit aircraft have better flight characteristics and they are also slightly more powerful thanks to engines with more power. The aircraft was in the following year handed over to the navy and commenced sea trials, also here it was confirmed that the navy change its requirements has gained more valuable aircraft. The contest itself was launched at the beginning of the year 1940 and was attended by only three-digit types E13A1 and E13K1, the aircraft company Aichi was found better and was declared the winner of the competition.

Aircraft Aichi E13A1 adopted the Kaigun Kōkū Hombu as a "recon seaplane, type 0 model 1" (japanese 零式水上偵察機 - rei-shiki suijō teisatsuki), I am reminded that the japanese naval air force nerozdělovalo float planes and seaplanes. The winning aircraft featured a fairly elegant all-metal low-wing with dvounosníkovým wing, the surface was metal, only the control surfaces were covered with canvas. The hull was formed of all-metal shell, on his back was a long glassed-in cabin, it was common for the whole trojčlennou crew. The wing should the external parts of the elliptical space between the two spars and the leading edge of the wings, the designers filled the fuel tanks, unfortunately, the tanks were not self-locking and no fire equipment was not installed. Drive catered to the čtrnáctiválec Mitsubishi Kinsei 43 and trojlistá propeller with an adjustable angle of attack. The aircraft took flight and landed on water using two floats. Between the floats under the fuselage it was possible to hang up a mountain lion weighing 250 kg, or four depth charges, each weighing 60 kg. Shooter had a post at the end of the long cabin and he could from his position the aircraft to defend one gun the type 92 the caliber of 7.7 mm. The production of this basic version ran almost without change until November 1944, when the production received a slightly enhanced version of the marked E13A1a, the improvements touched the installation of the new radios and it was further modified float system - a experienced fewer wire reinforcement, this version was in production, soon followed by next versions of E13A1b. This aircraft carried on the leading edges of the wings and in the back behind the cab on both sides of the antenna type Yagi, the aircraft was equipped with the first three of these sites to search for surface targets. A few dozen aircraft were fitted with a magnetic anomaly detector Jikitanchiki, this detector could detect submerged enemy submarine up to a depth of twelve metres, the aircraft however, could not exceed the desetimetrovou the height of the flight. From these versions, there were two more varanty marked E13A1a-S and E13A1b-With, these machines have been designed for night flying, the adjustment concerned the apparently only installed the damper the flames. Follow-on training crews of floating aircraft helped improve several dozen factory modified two-seat aircraft E13A1-K. With regard to the fact that the production provided a total of three manufacturers, the Aichi production was terminated in 1942, the further into the production involved naval arsenal in Hiru (広海軍工廠 - Hiro Kaigun Kōshō (Hiroshō) and most of the aircraft were made by a company 九州飛行機株式会社 - Kyūshū Hikōki Kabushiki Kaisha in Zusshonokumě, here are these aircraft were produced until 1945 and a total of were produced 1 418 aircraft of this type. Made planes mutually different exhaust system. Machines manufactured by Aichi had a mostly ring-shaped pantograph of the exhaust gas and vice versa later made aircraft in Kyushu, were in the vast majority of individual exhaust pipes. The exhausts, however, were not the distinguishing sign between the different versions. The last-produced version became E13A1c, according to some sources, it was only the adjustment resulting in field workshops. The truth will be probably somewhere in the middle - a shop treatment apparently also introduced by the factory on the production line. This modified aircraft was in the floor of the hatch, which could be guided by the firing of movably stored cannon the type 99 model 2 on the ship's target or submarine. Such an attack was apparently successful in particular to fast american boats, PT (Patrol Torpedo).

Combat:

The combat career of this aircraft in the fall of 1941 in China, only a few planes launched from the heavy cruisers and carriers, seaplanes, and attacked bombs on an important railway artery between the cities of Guangzhou and Hanka (today, Wu-chang). Another major task was aerial reconnaissance of the Hawaiian islands before the japanese attack on Pearl Habor, these reconnaissance flights were carried out osádkami aircraft E13A1 belonging to the cruisers 8. division (Tone, Chikuma and Kinugasa). After the outbreak of war these aircraft were delivered to all the battlefield, where operated the navy, the Japanese them unofficially called Reisú, the allied intelligence service them assigned code name Jake. In the initial part of the pacific war, when they had the Japanese superiority in the air, was the deployment of these aircraft quite successful, but over time, as american troops received more effective armament, in proportion to the increased loss of these planes, a hit to the fuel tanks, which were without any protection often led to the destruction of the aircraft. Reisú were often deployed not only to attacks on shipping, or against submarines, but also to attack ground targets, when the final battles attacked the allied ships suicide attack by the kamikaze.


Used springs:
René J. Francillon Ph. d., Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War, Naval Institute Press, rok 1987, ISBN: 0-87021-313-X
Tadeusz Januszewski and Kryzysztof Zalewski, Japońskie samoloty marynarski 1912-1945, volume 1., Lampart, year 2000, ISBN: 83-86776-50-1
Famous Airplanes of the World, the Imperial Japanese Navy Reconnaissance, Well. 47, Bunrindo Co. Ltd., year 1994/7, ISBN4-89319-044-X
David Donald, The Complete Encyclopedia of World Aircraft, Barnes & Nobles Books, 1997, ISBN-10: 0760705925
Vaclav Nemecek, Military aircraft 3 part, the second supplemented edition, Our Troops, Prague 1992, ISBN 80-206-0117-1
http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aichi_E13A
http://www.airwar.ru/enc/sww2/e13a.html
www.historyofwar.org
www.historyofwar.org
http://83.227.252.10/cgi-bin/aircrafts.pl?WW2
http://www.go2war2.nl/artikel/526
www.subsowespac.org
author archive
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