Budeč

Přemyslid castle high school (800-900 ad)and younger time hradištní (900-1200 ad)

History of research

Budeč was mentioned in the old manuscripts, whether in the st. wenceslaus legends staroslověnských (the First, Second and Proložní), so also in the legends of Latin (Crescente fide, Gumpold and Christian), I'm sure she was mentioned in the legends to be even older, which, however, have not been preserved. Budečska streets moved from a hillfort is associated with přemyslovskými princes Bořivoj, Spytihněvem, Church and of course st. Václav. In his chronicle of the year 1541 he was trying to about the supplement, some of the data Václav Hájek from the natural world that you could say that this is the first interest of this locality, although so far only from the point of view of the written. Hajek here indicates even specific dates to certain events as should be the establishment of 678 Step, the establishment of the school Libuše and burn Budče Vlastislav year 858 during the lucké war. In addition, however, Hájek as the first mentions about the the church of the Virgin Mary. This hajek's work influenced quite significantly other authors. You then were in details in their works even more specific. To those who Hájek complemented each other the most were Bartholomew Paprocký of Hlohol, but mostly Šimon Tadeáš Lomnický from Budče, which called for the founder of the Budče of his ancestor Lešina Box. These authors, however, was also influenced by respectable authors of his time, as were Pavel Stránský, even J.And. Comenius or Bohuslav Balbín and a number of other. In addition, however, the J. Peckovský has also seen some changes, that actually happened.
From the point of view of archaeology was the first researcher Václav Krolmus that site examined already before the middle of the 19. century. The first plan of the fort made a F. Beneš, the then published with a detailed description ( of them it is obvious that at that time was a fortified settlement in much better condition) J.E. Vocel in the Prehistory of the Czech lands. Then published another map and description at the beginning of the 20. century Connected, in this period, here he carried out more research and J. L. Pussy – among others, uncovered the foundations of the church of the Virgin Mary, and examined his surroundings, also in hrobnického house examined the floor plans of the plinths, which he regarded as the foundations of the princely palace. The results, as well as other known findings, published in the Antiquities of the country of the Czech. In the years 1929 and 1931 here then the first research with all the essentials taken SAÚ Prague partly at her also participated in the american expedition of prof. Ehricha. However, when r Miloš Šolleho from the year 1941 found out something more about the construction of the fortifications. After 1945 he carried out only collections or only minor salvage operations. And. Knor examined the part of the mladohradištního the burial, this further later examined the I. Krutina. In 1972 there began the research AÚ ČSAV Prague, with the head of the research Zdeněk Vanya. Subsequently, guided by the research team – From. Vanya watched the settlements, and the right hradiště, M. Šolle examined the structures of the sacral and burial ground, and outside the fort, And. Bartošková started in the year 1981 research extensive forecastle, M. Gojda examined the broader background and I. Krutina then in the foreland Budče in the position of "On Týnici" examined the burial ground. This the most comprehensive research was completed in 1986.

History Budče

The first report (see above) belongs to our oldest landmarks, which describe the legendisté 10. up to 11. century.. According to the legend should here be taught of st. Václav Latin, then what in The learned books of the slavic. It is also featured church of st. Peter, which gave the start Spytihněv. Should here also reside vaclav's mother Drahomíra after the conflict with his son. At least at the end of 9. century and 1. third of the 10 century was Budeč an important centre of the ruling dynasty Dynasty. However, beyond the legend, there is news about Budči up to the year 1262, when the queen Kunhuta donated, as the site of the vyšehrad chapter house. From the point of view of the archaeological research we have of the settlement was documented already in prehistoric times the culture of the knovízskou. 6 shards of pottery of the prague type, probably not with settlements nothing in common. Budeč is the one of the 14 fortified settlements (Libušín, Envy ...) in the Czech republic on which it is supported by the pottery. This could indicate, e.g., to útočišťnému use of these hillforts. There was discovered and hot dip grave of the prague type. About the origins of the Budče as hradiště we have evidence in the form of the oldest phase of its fortifications.. 1. phase of the fortifications was based on the destruction of knovízské fortification, it was a wall with a frontal stone screen, with a wood - aluminium walkway with a width of 4-4,5 m, partially plentovanou and from the inner side and the outer moat. Findings indicative of early settlement sometimes on turn 8. and 9. century, In this period created a number of hillforts (Šárka, Bezemín, Ruby on Podbořan, Burgenland-kanin's, etc.). The connection was mainly with strengthening and building the power of the Dynasty. Further development of the Budče until Spytihněvovy, Vratislavova and Václavovy can be described only generally according to the findings and objects of the period středohradištní. This includes 6 recessed and 4 povchové construction and 18 cartridges jam. The demise of Budče can probably associate with domestic conflicts – reported even as the possibility of a fight between the Czechs and Lučany. It could have so but the state also in connection with the baptismal Men. In this early stage of the existence of the settlement has already been osídlováno his background.
Spytihněvova rotunda of st. Peter is localized at the Budeč according to legend Kristiánovy. The church still stands even if has undergone a number of adjustments. Research M. Šolleho verify the architectural appearance of the church. Budeč is the third church in the Czech republic but its uniqueness is in the fact that while the church on the Left Hradec as well as the church at the Prague castle belonged still the liturgy of the slavic, whereas the Budeč was already the liturgy in Latin. Even that would be its foundation and construction lined up in the years 895-900. It also suggests the oldest graves to her oriented with ornaments velkomoravského type. With the building of the church is linked to another construction activities and mainly the rebuilding of the fortifications. In this time, which fits the second phase of the internal walls with opukovou the front screen. The settlement received the classic form of premyslid fortifications from the end of the 9. of up to 10. century. It was also fortified by the forecastle. It was also at this time probably a palisade fortified and the prince's court, in this area was also referred to the rotunda. The areola was later covered up by the graveyard at the church of the Virgin Mary. Own the center of the church, then making the modern cemetery.
At the time of mladohradištní arises on the southern edge of the acropolis, the other areola and at the same time with him and the other church – the blessed Virgin Mary. The settlement reaches its optima. The fortifications of the acropolis is rebuilt in the third phase and the fortifications of the forecastle in the second stage. The importance of Budče the church and the political was only temporary. And after the establishment of a further series of churches and especially the bishopric for Boleslaw II. experiencing its downturn. However, in terms of colonization leads to an increase in settlement in the area in which Budeč is located. The number of inhabitants Budče is increased 2x to 3x. Fort became the center of the hradské messages (for this reason, it was probably the new areola). It happened probably during 2. half of the 10. century, probably in its last third or quarter. Settlement performs the functions of a just economic-the management for your domain the same then refers to the church. The burial place can be found in the vicinity of both churches. After the demise of the areola leads to the emergence of the third burial ground on the southern edge of the acropolis.. the Fourth burial site is then built on the west foreland "On Týnici". With the demise of the princely areola in 1. mid-century 11. then areola mladohradištní becomes mundane the central hub of the acropolis. This involved the construction of palácovitého type, the disaggregation on the 6 space, the two extreme in the ground floor of brick in the floor of the frame. Palace type could also be located at the princely court he, however, has not been studied. The last phase of the fortifications of the inner and the outer was made so that the inner fortification was equipped with a four-flight gallery, new front stone screen, two rear stone plentami and the trench was deeper. The total width of the walls 13 m was typical for mladohradištní fortifications. The outer rampart was also adjusted. Throughout the 11. century Budeč hold the most likely meaning, however, in the turn of the 11./12. century leads to the extinction of mladohradištního the areola. The extinction of the right of the economic center of the probably was related to the death of Břetislava II. (1100), which led to the struggle for the princely throne. Walls have ceased to be maintained, the settlement still continued, but no longer in the original power and the concept. The only thing that remained the same were both churches and burial, which are even grown on a larger area.

the Western part of the acropolis

It was found virtually continuous settlement in the 9th. up to 12. century. However, not always equally intense, and in the unequal distribution. In 9. century was the settlement concentrated in the area of little orchard, without a doubt it was the influence of the proximity of the princely city centre with the rotunda. The secondary role was played also by the destruction of the fortifications, which at the same time cover the older settlement layers. Representative objects are mainly semi-recessed buildings 1 and 2, the surface of an oblong object H and a few pits of the oval floor plan. 10. century appears to be settlement as relatively uniform. Here belongs the semi-recessed buildings And/76 and a number of other jam. 11. and 12. century – e.g. semi-recessed buildings 1/III, partly superficial, partly lowered the abode of K/76, dwelling post construction with a hearth and zásobnicovými pits And/I, D/I, E/I and 1a/III, a clay oven 3/III and F/76, stone furnace, G/76, and several pits. Settlement in this period appears as the most intense. Number of dwellings – some of the dusanými floors, some overlap with other objects. To late hradištnímu period belongs to the necropolis of F, which cover even podezdívkové objects, probably the youngest of the northern edge of the burial ground around the rotunda. Traces of settlement of this period, i.e. the end of the 12. century are sporadic. Belong to here pit C/I and grooves around the corral. Other findings then come already with the later period of the middle ages, including the pits 10 and 12, but already we cannot say that the settlement was souvislejším.

Settlement of the situation

Were identified 4 types of homes - the recessed and nezahloubených, i.e. semi-recessed buildings, surface construction as defined stakes and chutes, houses with dusanými clay floors and finally the building with the podezdívkami. However, in a few cases there was a combination of, e.g., surface structures zahloubenými premises, or should some podezdívkové objects floor with dusanými floors. Additionally were identified the furnace as outdoor and inside objects. In addition, were found pits, which were located both outside and in homes.
Semi-recessed buildings are documented in both in středohradištním (2 from one, perhaps from the building of the victims in the form of an infant) and in the mladohradištním period (2 one of them perhaps from the building of the victims in the form of an infant, with a rich nálezovým inventory), even when they could have amended the function. The combination of mladohradištního abode of the counterbore and the surface of the parts.
Surface habitations appear for the entire duration of Budče, however, had their development. Středohradištní object H. The younger the object L. Furthermore, several mladohradištních objects some of which are captured only torzovitě, for some it is for a change a clear residential character, as are found by the fireplace (however, it cannot be excluded that they are younger than the structures themselves).


Furnace

Appear with the normal open fireplace, mostly slightly recessed, but also clay (you were probably out of residential objects) and stone heating equipment, these were then dated back to the ml. period hradištní.. With regard to the close surrounding hillfort that time, with which one can compare not on Libušině supported by the heating devices at all, on the Left Hradec are supported by only an earthen furnace, the Prague castle, then they are not placed.
Kiln clay :
1. Miskovitý the bottom with polokruhovitým protrusion (178x152 cm, h. 40 cm) of 10./11. cent.
2. Miskovitý the bottom (180x150 cm, h. 10-15 cm)
3. Footprints under the jamou
Furnace stone:
1. U-shaped floor plan (200x140 cm), chodbovitý hole to the NW, apparently kupolovitá, outside the dwelling, probably for baking bread or for other manufacturing purposes
2. The rectangular floor plan (280x120 cm), marked a number of stones, the internal equipment podezdívkového object.

the Pit

Numerous, mostly in and around homes, 3 types of půrorysů – oval, circular and quadrangular.
Středohradištní horizon – outweigh the oval
Mladohradištní period – a total of 36 objects, which again are oval pit in most (15), some should be even over the feet, and in one case of 4.8 m. However, they occur even less. For most it is not possible to determine to what use they served, but the hole E in a small orchard served as a warehouse of human bones, in contrast, pit C/76 had the richest nálezový inventory (1 whole container, half container, pieces of glass, 2 whorls, a fragment of a knife and a bone awl.


Burial ground

Mladohradištní embedded in mladohradištní settlement of the situation. 17 graves and 4 warehouses bones, part of the graves was freely dispersed. Most of the graves had signs of a stone lining, were oriented with one exception to Of to SZ, the exception was a WSW orientation. Were captured only three subjects in the three graves, which could be described as charity (including one záušnice).

Material

Here belongs to pottery (outside container eg whorls and weights)., iron objects (knives, bullets, sword, dagger, spurs, vědérka, punches, centre, fitting, scissors, buckles, chain, hook, others), bronze items (fittings, headbands, rings, sigmoid záušnice), bone tools (chisel, spike, spatula, needles, needles, awls, zděř, wafers, combs, skates). In addition, there appear to be additional tools or ornaments – glass (beads), stone (drtidla, weights, žernovy). Some of the group's findings – such as playing disc are from more than one type of material (stone, bone,clay).

Pottery

Container

Obtained was 19 whole or rekonstruovatelných containers 9. to 13. century Main are hrncovité shapes - vějčité and barrel, upper and lower. Less occur [also]cup-shaped shapes and rare are bottle.
From the earliest period around the year 800 only shards, which do not allow reconstruction. A typical sign is a simple profiling of the edges, mostly finely drawn decoration of the multiple vlnic, linear strips and comb injections.
Středohradištní horizon of 9. century contains, among shards 2 containers – low hrncovité shapes with aneurysms in the upper third of the container with a greater width than height, with simply vyhnutými and seříznutým the edge of, decoration with multiple vlnic. The smaller of the tubes has a horizontal groove on the inside of the aneurysm.
More advanced středohradištní ceramics 9./10. cent.
Ceramics 10. century transitional phase between shapes středohradištními and mladohradištními. Not very significantly profiled the edges with simpler decor.
Mladohradištní horizon 11. up to 12. the century contains the rest of the findings.

Branding

Total found 68 recognizable brands on the days vessels. Others are unrecognizable or it is just a lack of fragments. The tags belong to the – 9x negative and 2x positive dent (very simple), 3x simple ring, 3x double ring, 1x 6 concentric circles, 5x x, 19x cross in a circle (the most widely used brand in the early medieval ceramics), 2x to the right and 3 times left-handed swastika (the svast.), 1x svast. in the circle, 1x svast. in vyrytém circle, 1x svast. incomplete, 1x trikvetrum in sign, 1x six-pointed star, 3x eight-pointed star, 4x theme window, 1x rectangle with diagonals, 1x rectangle combination window/diagonal, 2x motive wheels, 1x pentagram, 1x rune,1x triangle, 1x "a mushroom cloud".
Do not appear of the brand in the form of a cross on a horizontal pedestal, or motive 4 of the rolled products.

Whorls

A very large component of the findings – 147 pieces. Clay, sometimes from the shard, exceptionally also of stone. Shapes dvojkónické (37 pcs), spherical (56 pcs prevail, even at the time of hradištní are more typical rather dvojkónické), a rounded flattened (23 pcs), fazetovité (12 pieces ?), lenticular (2 pcs) and flat disc-like form that (17 pcs).

Weight

4 pcs clay, and 4 pieces of stone. Provided with a central hole, the weights for the loom estates.

Iron objects

Knives

The largest representation among the iron objects, mostly commercial shapes and sizes (d. 89 to 198 mm). Most often form with straight back, blade leant into spike, with a spike indented from the cutting edge. Follow similar shapes – with double-sided indented mandrel, symmetrically vyhnutou the spike and thorn indented from the cutting edge, with thorn mutually odszeným, with a broken or indented only from the back. On 1 copy is in the back of the blood groove (its length of 136 cm (?) however, it does not combat knives). Rarely did the knife with the remnants of the metal sheath, small knife with půlměsícovitého shape with double-sided indented thorn probably served to surgical procedures.

Shots

A total of 6 pieces of which in 3 cases were commonly flared foliate shape with a thorn, 2x there was the shape of the rear wings and with tulejkou. 1x then appeared a massive bolt shot from a crossbow, which is dated on the basis of the ceramic material to mladohradištního period – this would be a proof of the youngest to use a crossbow in the Czech lands.

Sword dagger

The sword only the torso – the bulwark of the handle, and in addition, it was also found the bronze fittings of the vagina.
Dagger – maybe blade – flat iron a fraction of the trojúhelníkovitého shape.

Vědérka

Fractions of the iron part, usually intercepting the fitting of the grip, exceptionally just the handle itself. Almost the whole of the forging in the form of vlaštovčího tail.

Spurs

1 entire specimen and 2 fragments. The whole spur with the hooks corresponds to the findings of the předvelkomoravského term in Mikulčice. Fractions could not be accurately determined but on the basis of the pottery, which they found can be dated back to mladohradištního period.

Hardware

2 fittings with semi-recessed buildings And/76 – one in the form of an oblong tape (58x24 mm) with nýtekm on an elevated center. The second u-shaped plastic cross with šípovitě flared end inscribed in a square (35x35 mm), the middle square flat with marked diagonals. Probably belonged to a horse halter. Comes with about half of the 10. century.

Scissors

3 specimens of herding scissors (their parts) should generally annular dick, mostly from mladohradištního term.

belt Buckles

Only 2 buckles. Larger (55x40 mm) the shape of the "D" and was missing her tongue. Less (pr. 18 mm) rather circular with the tip this is dated mladohradištně.

Chain and hook

Mladohradištní fragment of the chain by 2 oval articles. The next 2 fractions (4 and 2 articulated in the form of lemniskáty) of topsoil.
The hook of the flat bars with a hint of tordování of mladohradištního of the object served, along with the chain most likely to hang the cauldron over the fire. Another object was picked up a fraction of a smaller hook.

Awls and stily

The awl was off the bone and the iron (6 pcs), mostly 4boké sticks at one end, pointed at the tip, (d 34 to 131 mm)
Stily or pencils were found 4 (d 10 to 122 mm). Shows the knowledge of the writing of the settlement can also be related to the Latin school at Budči, to which should be according to the legend, sent st. Václav.

Other items

Bowl diameter 65 mm (maybe a bowl of scales). The smaller flat disc of diameter 49 mm, is not known purpose. Iron fishing cannot be with certainty zadatovat. A fraction of a horseshoe mladohradištního period. Blunt the tip of the spear with tulejkou (d 50 mm) probably bodkou on ratišti spear. A circle with a flat tape (avg. 65 mm, w. 8 mm) – maybe that's part of the car. Spikes with heads in the shape of a "T", less often flat-spikes – mostly from mladohradištních layers from about 10. century and later.

Bronze and glass objects

Belongs to ornamental subjects however, in the case especially of the fittings fulfil another purpose.

Fittings
Headbands
Rings

Three forms – from the bronze age of the tape (2 pcs.), wire (1 pc) and glass (1 pcs).

Sigmoid záušnice

The most widely used slavic jewel is represented by the 5 findings.

Beads

6 glass (quite a few fancy up to 1 of cylindrical shape, made of black glass paste laced with yellow and red yarns), 1 skeleton and 1 clay.

Bone objects

Mainly functional objects, and in isolated cases but also as an ornament, machina and antlers. A fraction of the 8bokého fry (d 63 mm) of the unknown function.

Combs

14 of the ridges or their fractions. Mostly double-sided. 3 types – one-piece without lateral slides, a three-part, with 2 lateral plates and a five-part with 4 postrannými plates. Decorated.

Skate

4 all or almost all of the bone objects, which are referred to as "skates", in addition, yet 8 fractions.

Awl

A large part of the nálezového inventory - 84 pcs sizes from 51 mm to 140 mm. Their shape and size associated largely with the kind of bone. The three basic variants (of full, hollow and flat or the area of the axis of the bone).

Zděř

1 pcs, mladohradištní, trapezoidní shape (v. 18, dia. 35 mm), without ornamentation.

Pad

5 pieces, decorated, mostly in fractions, probably for the decoration of wooden cabinets, chests or even the handles of knives.

Pins and needles

The needle found the one with the broken header. Needles 2 pcs with one end sharpened and the other extended, length 75 and 123 mm

Chisel, spike, spatula

After the 1 piece from each. Chisel with 2 teeth, d 84 mm he served about the decoration of ceramics. Barb – so a spike with tulejkou, it's attachment on the stick to drive cattle. Spatula, d 138 mm, lžícovitě extended, apparently, to the formation of ceramics.

Stone items

Whorls and weights

See. ceramics above.

Drtidla and žernovy

Drtidla - 4pcs, served for milling substances of grain, rather, exceptionally, rather, used to roztíraní colors, colors, etc.
Žernovy were found only in fractions (13 pcs) were used as in ancient so in mladohradištním period rather profusely.

Sharpening

For sharpening iron tools (approx 10 pcs).

Various other articles

Full metal flat bar with two holes (46x11 mm, thickness 8 mm) mladohradištní, probably used as a seal in the gift shop– quite rare. Stone eggs – maybe magical features appear even on the Libušině, Čáslavském the castle and the Old Town in Moravia. Fraction of stone roller function is unclear. Minor pazourkové scratcher – probably předneolitického origin, however, cannot be excluded, nor its secondary use (on early slavic hradištích are not a rarity and other pazourkové tools).

Areola of the Acropolis

The acropolis is located the remains of two farmsteads – princely (who is older) and the areola administrator (mladohradištní). Since Budči buries so far, is more extensive research hardly conceivable and feasible.

the Prince's court

Area relatively poor in a neighborhood of the objects most of the objects found came all the way from the period after the demise of the areola, but a certain destructive effect this could have even burials. From the view of the current cemetery, it was possible to explore only the eastern edge. It was found palisádové reimbursements in line With a-J, which defined the eastern border of the areola.

Palisádové payment

It appears as a continuous row of stones, among which were recognizable 2 alternately laid rows of stake holes and fragments of clay. It was demonstrated that in 2. half 11. century stockade stood.

Settlement of the situation
9. century represented by a few objects of which only one – slightly lowered he was living. 10. century is represented by more objects, ground (1), picket object, perhaps a greater surface construction of the stake structure. Depression mísovitého the shape of the larger sizes – probably a sink for rainwater. Furthermore, several objects whose floor plan can't be fully determined. 11.-12. century, picket object IV, next to him, furnace – maybe a part of it. Furthermore, several torzovitých objects.

Burial ground

On the desktop of the princely areola were recorded in three areas with funerals. Those connected with the rotunda of st. Peter (outcrop H and A21), who is albeit in an altered form to this day and the church of the Virgin Mary (odkryvy A8 and A11-A14). Only the graves of the section of the "H" come from the period of the existence of the areola, the rest are from the time after his demise, in this section is 16 graves, the others captured were already significantly younger. In a section of the A21 was found 10 graves, of which only one had a charity (esovitá záušnice), were the most oriented in the axis of the SZ-JV. Finally, sections A8 (7 graves) and A11 (18 graves), A12 (14 graves), A13 (15 graves) in superpozicích and A14, were also found bulk human bones and remains of coffins or stone construction.

Mladohradištní areola

Paid by the court decayed in the southern and eastern neighbourhood of the princely court, in the southern part of the hillfort (sections "C"). Have been identified the building of a brick building with a retaining wall also, but even without the skirting boards. It was found a few older objects (pits, houses ...). Surrounded by a was lighter a wooden wall with more sparsely spaced poles, which were connected by horizontal beams or planks, some places then it was downstairs vystužena even the stones. Area of the areola was more peopled than before. Log construction without retaining walls identified in three cases – in one in own area, in two in its vicinity. The floor plan is rectangular subdivisions in 2 to 3 spaces. Partly podezděné homes – the largest was about 10 meters in length and 4 in width. Completely podezděné condos – from the tting limestone rocks with the clay binder. Two objects were discovered in the grounds of one torzovitý are silhouetted at the entrance to the corral of the areola.

Burial ground

On the southern edge of the sections of the C1-C6 and C9a, uncovered 34 of the graves of 5 children's or juvenile individuals, mostly without equipment. Dead storage of approximately head to the west and feet to the east. The graves were sunk into the stone destruction as beddings home into the design of the walls. Part of the stones was used on the lining of the deathly pit, part of the graves bore signs of a wooden structure.
On the north uncovering the area "C" already outside the area of the areola was found 8 graves (sectors C31-C32). Those belong to the to the south edge of the burial ground of the church of the Virgin Mary.

Material

Pottery

Representation no pottery of the prague type.
Mladohradištní phase – a characteristic more pronounced profiling of the edges of the containers, the easier the decor with a simpler vlnic, horizontal grooves or possibly dents.
Manufacturing – crucibles

Branding

It wasn't found many. Ring, double circle, cross in circle, swastika, square brand with the diagonals, six-pointed stars, a pentagram, a circle with a hint of three horizontal barriers on the inside, a big wheel is concentric around an inner, large forked cross inscribed into a hexagon overlaid dimly perceptible circle and finally small cross with 4 points between the shoulders, inserted into a double circle, which is structured small čtverhrannými fields.

Whorls

Spherical 11 pcs, dvojkónické 7 pcs (4x symmetrically and 3x asymmetrically shaped), Rounded flattened 6 pcs (one of the palace of the object of decorating the engraved žebříčkovitými themes), a shard of glass 5 pcs Flat washer 3 pcs, 1 conical bone whorl, 1 válečkovitý (fraction), 1 lenticular.

Iron objects

Knives

Partly from the tombs and from the settlement of the situation. 5 knives středohradištních (4 out of their graves, 2 of the remnants of the wooden handle). 2 mladohradištní, as well as several reconstruction incompetent.

Razor

Found there was only one.

Dagger

1 specimen could also be a longer knife.

Spurs

1 středohradištní, 1 mladohradištní unusual shape, closer to the undetermined amount of broken neurčitelných.

Centre

5 pieces of which one bone.

Axe

You couldn't reconstruct.

Hook

The three specimens.

Other iron objects

Zákolníček, a fitting belt, a fraction of a horseshoe, belt buckle, part of a horse harness, sheep-shears.

Other metals

Headband

2 headbands in the graves.

Rings

Bronze 3 types – from the simple wire – open, 3 rings from a flat strip and two label rings. Most of the grave and dating are mladohradištně. In addition, they also found two rings of the glass.

Záušnice with eyelets

19 specimens, always in the graves (3) of these, 14 were in children's graves, this is an older form of záušnic, they appear just south of the round-house among the graves of 1. pol. 10. cent.

Sigmoid záušnice

31 pieces, mostly bronze, in the graves at the two churches.

Earrings

A pair of silver earrings in a grave, in poor condition, from the same tomb then comes a fraction of the earrings.

Kaptorga

2 pieces trapezoidních bronze kaptorg.

Lunicový závěšek

Unique name of lunice out of bronze sheet.

Gombíky

Captured in the graves of the two completely broken, and another tiny part, apparently, of gombíku. In settlement situations found 2 small bronze gombíky, with which one could even be a jingle.

Silver pearl

Found only one, could serve to spínaní apparel, žaludového shape and has been embellished with. Found in the grave.

Fitting belt

2 bronze fittings, which can be dated back to avarsko-slavic period, were deposited secondarily. Further found the fittings to which they are not analogy – openwork bronze fittings wheel shape with four rivets spaced crosswise and rombických shots.

Coins

5 silver coins. The oldest Vratislav II. (1061-1092) from the grave, denarius from the period of the princely reign of Vratislav II. (1061-1086), půldenár from the period Bořivoj II. (1100-1107 or 1117-1120), from the grave of the child, the denarius of the period 2. the government Vladislav I. (1120-1125), the other two coins are no longer modern.

Bone and antler objects

Awl

27 pcs in 4 versions - from the hollow of the bone (19 pieces), area of cut (5 pcs), from the full bones (2 pcs), double-sided, elongated (1 pcs). Length of 50 to 103 mm.

Skate

3 pcs – one has been preserved entire.

Other

Hřeblo, zděř (richly decorated), the comb (the fraction of duplex trojdílného type with lateral pads), whistle, stilus, or the burin, needle by the handle, a pair of antlers (3 pcs)



Stone items

Playing discs

5 playing discs ( 1 extra from the shard) (ml. hr. the areola).

Weight

2 pieces (one in the fraction.

Drtidla

5 pieces of which are 4 flat kotoučovitého shape

Sharpening

3 specimens (1x lichoběžníkovitý, 1x rather rounded, 1 fraction).

Žernovy

In fractions (1x středohradištní, 5x mladohradištní).


an Overview of the used abbreviations:
AÚ the czechoslovak academy of SCIENCES - Institute of Archaeology of the Czechoslovak academy of sciences
SAÚ - the State Institute of Archaeology

Literature:
Joker, In. – Lutovský, M. – Weakness, M. – Smejtek, L., Encyclopedia of fortified settlements in Bohemia. Prague, 2003. ISBN 80-7277-173-6.
Vanya,From. Přemyslovská Budeč : the archaeological research of the hillfort in the years 1972-1986. In Prague, 1995, institute of Archaeology ascr. ISBN 80-901934-1-2. .