Pětiplošník Fjodorov

Pětiplošník Fedorov

a Word about the author
Yevgeny Stepanovich Fedorov (Евгений Степанович Фeдоров, 1851 - 1909) - military engineer, one of the well-known Russian workers in the field of aeronautics and aviation. He was one of the active workers VII. department of the Russian technical society (Русское техническое общество), participated in its many events. In a study published in the "Zápiskách Even. R. T. O." (Записки И. Р. Т. О), assesses the issues of the flight of birds, including the energy expended by a bird when flying., and many more. His aerodynamic experiments include a study of wings in full-size, built-in on the tender of steam locomotives.

Already in the year 1888 compiled the "Exemplary project vzduchoplaveckého machines" (Примерный проект воздухоплавательной машины ) - the flying apparatus of the general scheme. The base of the machine formed a circular balloon, similar to rescue the ship's circle, filled with hydrogen. Inside the wheel should be placed a large propeller, ensuring the movement of the machine in vertical axis, i.e. climb and descent. The sides of the balloon have small wings and a rudder for controlling the direction of flight, down queen gondola with the engine and landing gear. The device was never built.

Design
In 1895 came the E. With. Fedorov with the project motor pětiplošníku. First concept tested on the model. This has not yet been provided with any drive, but he pulled on the cord like a dragon.
In 1896 he began Fedorov in st. Petersburg at their own expense to build the plane in the planned size.

From the point of view of the general characteristics of the project can be described as single-seat experimental pětiplošník with wings in tandem arrangement. Wings (constructor referred to as plumage) with a strongly arched profile with a depth of approximately 0.8 m and coated only on the upper surface, with vertical truss spar under the leading edge, was placed at regular intervals on a single strut, inclined forward at an angle of 30 degrees. The pilot seat and engine type-Pack performance 10 horsepower were placed under the strut, the engine with the transfer of the propeller was located in front of the pilot.
The chassis was formed by a pair of wheels at the front and with a small stern wheel. The aircraft had the fuselage in the truest sense of the word, everything has been placed on the beam, rozvětvujícího for the needs of the anchor chassis. Strut bearing the wings with the narrow beam associated a total of four other stands.
The plane had no separate vertical tail surface or rudder, control should be carried out křivením the ends of the wings.

The construction of the aircraft lasted a very long time (1897-1903), the machine eventually was completed, but his performances have not already been verified by flight tests.

Importance
From an analysis of the design and construction of aircraft J. With Fjodorova is to see that the designer didn't use And scheme. F. Možajského, and as a result, after a technically modern scheme appeared projects less perfect, such as Fjodorovův combined the first project and or pětiplošník. At the end of the XIX. century still, thanks to the misunderstanding of many of the principles of flight, there were quite distorted ideas about the construction of flying apparatuses and J. With Fedorov here, apparently, was no exception. Experiments And. F. Možajského with his relatively advanced concepts of the aeroplane, driven, however, the steam engine, were not generally known. Projects And. N. Lodygina, In. D. Spicyna, P. D. Kuzminského and other clearly say, that And. F. Možajskij misunderstood by many of his contemporaries. And didn't know it's probably not even J. With. Fedorov.

Yet all it should be noted that Fjodorovův pětiplošník was the second real engine aircraft, built in Russia.

Sources:
www.ctrl-c.liu.se
flyingmachines.ru
www.ctrl-c.liu.se
eroplany.narod.ru.