Čestný kříž Svatého domu v Loretu

Pavel NEJEDLO

An old legend, recorded Teremannusem in the work of the "Redemptoris mundi Matris Ecclesiae Lauretana historia," and briefly mentioned Flaviem Blondem (in the years 1431 - 1464 secretary to popes Eugene IV., Nicholas In ., Kalixta III. and Pius II.) in the work of the "Italia Illustrata" of the year 1464, it is reported that the Holy house is the native house of the Virgin Mary.

This small building built of reddish stone, long 40 wide 30 high and 25 feet, it originally stood in Nazareth. After the death of the Mother of God was archangels hallowed a chapel and became a popular place of pilgrimage. During his pilgrimage to the Holy land in the year 336 it was also visited by st. Helena, mother of Constantine the Great, and left the building - the chapel obstavět the church. After the demise of the kingdom of Jerusalem in 1291 and occupied the entire territory of the Saracen were all the pilgrimages of christians to the Holy sites banned.

Almighty God, however, didn't want to let that happen to the monument of his mother remained among the gentiles without the proper respect and let in the night from 9. 10. in may 1291 the angel of the nazarene house to pass across the sea to Dalmatia and stand on one hill in the Adriatic sea between the cities of Tersactum and Flumen. Dalmátský governor Nicholas Frangipánius, willing to understand the meaning of the miracle, sent to the Holy land commissioner, who had the authenticity of the transferred house to verify.

Guided tersactenským bishop Alexander visited Nazareth and found that the church of st. Helen is torn and the chapel remained in the country only the basics. Their přeměřením found that the dimensions coincide exactly with the dimensions of the chapel transferred to Dalmatia and that matches the time of the disappearance of the chapel in Nazareth and its appearance in Dalmatia. A report on the findings pověřenců after their return very quickly spread to the surrounding countries and "the Holy chapel" soon became the aim of the vast crowds of pilgrims and the sick.


No apparent reason was a chapel on 10. December 1294 angel passed over the Adriatic sea to Italy. Laurel grove (Lauretanum) near Ancona in the Rekanatském county, where the chapel was relocated belonged to the virtuous mrs. Lauretě from a nearby city. One of these circumstances, not specified which gave the basis for naming the chapel, which is used to this day : the Madonna di Loreto. Grove, however, lay on the edge of the large-scale to the sea ranging of the forests, which they had to the pilgrims during their journey to the Holy chapel, browse, full of thieves, who the pilgrims were mugging, olupovali and murder.

The solemnity and sanctity of the chapel by greatly suffered and then was again relocated. The knoll, where was angel during one night in August 1295 passed, it was the property of two brothers, rekanatských the townspeople. They also, however, the gifts of the pilgrims were stealing for themselves and from the same thing the sioux to death a fall out. The angel, therefore, the chapel that same year, once again moved, this time built it in the middle of rekanatské road leading to Castel del Porto. Rekanatští the townspeople, chtějíc know the details of the streams of the Holy chapel and to verify its authenticity, chose the sixteen legate
of the most respected and most trusted compatriots, who in the year 1296 with this task sent to the Tersactu and Nazareth.

The legates of the place explored, proměřili and with the finding that the authenticity of the Holy chapel can be no doubt, returned to their homeland. (Write about the outcome of the findings and a list of names of all sixteen legate has been preserved to this day in rekanatských urban books).


The third and final way to all these places, to definitively verify the authenticity of the Holy chapel and deletion of a shadow of a doubt about this miracle, ordered in the year 1530 pope Clement VII. Three valets, which he sent, after his return gave the pope a detailed report, which the authenticity of the chapel confirms. On the evidence of the truth of its findings, brought and presented the two stones of the foundations of the birth house of the Virgin Mary, who in Nazareth explored and from which the Holy chapel was built. Such a stone is not even in the widest vicinity of Ancona't even appear.

Day 9. February 1592 he set up the pope Sixtus V. loreto bishopric, in which the head stood the cardinal-protector of the Holy house, which he united with the české in the Rekanati. Pope Innocent XII. set aside the cardinal's protectorate of the bull "Sacrosancta Redemptoris" on 8. April 1698, obeyed the Holy house of the Holy see, and commissioned a special congregation of cardinals represent. "The congregation lauretánská" was on 29.6.1908 pope Pius X. united with the congregation of the council, however, remained to exist as a special "loreto congregation".

The holy chapel, standing on an elevated site, is obstavěna a large and opulent church. In marble, which are lined with the inner wall, are carved pictures from the life of Virgin Mary, the saints and the prophets, who immaculate conception predicted. The interior space of the church is decorated with rare paintings and sculptures and filled with the precious gifts of a noble well-known personalities, but also ordinary pilgrims. Near the church was erected a palatial palace, which lived the governor of the city, the bishop, twelve canons and eighteen priests. To the church belonged also the jesuit college and two hospitals.

The holy chapel, Holy house, the cathedral of Our lady the Virgin Mary of Loreto, known as the "Mother of all Loretánských chapel", has become a sought-after and widely visited "Mariana a place of pilgrimage", whose importance was underlined by the pope John XXIII.

26. November 1888 pope Leo XIII. approved the proposal loretánského the bishop on the establishment of the decoration, which should be rewarded to those who devoted themselves to the Holy house of funds, a significant donation or another way of the Holy chapel deserved. The amount of the merit, or the amount of the gift, will be reflected in the graduation decorations, and all decorated it should belong to the use of the single title of Honorary chamberlain, or Honorable lady of the Holy house in Loreto.

The power to select suitable persons to their decorating was the pope entrusted loretánskému the bishop, the decorations then with the express permission of the pope gave the prefect lauretánské, later loreto, the congregation in three classes :

1. class I - Honorary cross 1. class (corresponding to class - commander)
2. class - the Honorary cross of the 2. class (corresponding to class - officer)
3. class - the Honorary cross of the 3. class (corresponding to class - knight)


Badge 1. and 2. the class is a bronze double-sided blue enameled osmihrotý cross with a stylized bronze ribbon between the shoulders. The white enamel oval center medallion of the obverse side is a raised plastic made the figure of the Mother of God of loreto (the Virgin Mary with Jesus on hand) and with a halo behind his head. In the area of white enamel oval center medallion of the side is placed the text. At the edge of the upper half of the medallion is the inscription :

BENEMERENTIBVS, in the middle of the medallion four-line inscription :

QVIBVS / CORDI / EST / DECOR and at the bottom edge in two lines of copy : DOMVS / LAVRETANAE -(Well zaslouživším be the decoration of the order of the House of Loretánského). On some of the decorations is the text in a different form : VIRIS LECTISSIMVS QVIBVS CORDI EST DECOR DOMVS LAVRETANAE or FEMINIS LECTISSIMVS QVIBVS CORDI EST DECOR DOMVS LAVRETANAE.

Badge 1. class is exceeded by a crown, the badge of the 3. class is shape and dimensionally identical to the previous, however, it is celobronzový without enamel. Badges 1. and 2. class occur even in a gilded or postříbřeném execution.

Necklace ribbon badge 1. class is in loretánských colors : white - light blue - white, in a ratio of 1 : 1 : 1 with white marginal stripes are in the middle of the protnuty a narrow yellow stripe. Ribbon badges 2. and 3. the class is a breast, průvlečná for men or composed in the shape of bows for women, and the colors corresponding to the colors of the ribbons cross of Honor "For church and pope" ("Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice") with the difference that the wide red center stripe is in the middle of the protnut stripe white-světlemodrobílým. For some of decorations is on a ribbon attached with a small decoration.

Attribute of the Honorary cross of the Holy house in Loreto was closed by pope Paul VI.


Note :

Badges of Honor cross of the Holy house in Loreto worn on a cord or chain around the neck and all loretánští kapituláři.

Decoration cross of Honor of the Holy house in Loreto are for your e - day and the division into classes commonly considered for decoration of the order and attributed to the Order of Our lady of Loreto. This designation is, however, mistaken.


On the occasion of 600. anniversary of the delegation of the Holy house from Dalmatia to Italy (10. 12. 1294) was in 1894 issued a commemorative medal.

Avers:

In a decorative portal gate there is a standing figure of the Mother of God of loreto (the Virgin Mary with Jesus on hand) and with a halo behind his head. At the edge of the medal is in two parts divided copy to : B. VERGINE left and : DI LORETO on the right (Blessed bows to Loreto).

Reverse:

Desktop medal fills the scene carrying the Holy house : a group of angels carrying a little house, on whose roof sits the Virgin Mary with baby Jesus on Hands, across the sea. On the bottom right in the background is the sailing ship. The edge of the medal bears the thin line shown by the outer ring of the bearing in the upper part of the copy : VI. CENTENARIO. And. TRANSLATIONI. ALMAE. The DOMUS and in the lower part : LAURETANAE. MDCCCXCIV - (Six centuries from the transmission of the life-giving house Loretánského 1894). The two copies are separated by a small together with an asterisk on each side.

Hinge:
Ball with hanging ring.


Note:

The article is the work of mr. Paul Nejedlo, which appointed authorized to publish on our faleristických website www.valka.cz.

Literature :

Steiner, Jörg : Dekoration der Ehrenkämmerer des Heiligen hauses for von Loretta ..