CHLORACETOPHENONE (CN)
(tear-forming agent)
Chloracetophenone is considered an obsolete tear-forming agent and has mostly been replaced by chlorobenzalmalondinitrile (CS), which is both more effective and less toxic. In those affected, chloracetophenone causes redness and pain in the eyes along with blurred vision. In the lungs, it can cause edema (swelling) and even blistering of the skin at high concentrations. When large amounts of chloroacetophenone are used in a confined space, serious injuries or even death can occur to those affected.
basic information:
name:chloroacetophenone
label:CN
other names:
CAS registration number: 532-27-4
physical and chemical properties:
chemical name:2-chloroacetophenone
formula:C6H5-CO-CH2-Cl
molecular weight:154,59
normal physical state:colourless to white crystalline substance
odour: pungent, irritating
boiling point:244-248°C
melting point: 54-57°C
density: ?
vapor pressure:
345.8 mPa at 0°C
545.3 mPa at 20°C
flash point: 118°C
decomposition temperature: ?
solubility: soluble in ether, benzene and carbon disulfide
hydrolysis: slow to form hydrogen chloride
storage stability: moisture sensitive, cannot be stored in environments where amines, alcohols, water, or steam are present
reactions with metals and other materials: slightly corrosive to metals
toxicity:
eye: irritation
skin: irritation
inhalation: irritation
protection: protective mask and normal field clothing that also protects the neck, wrists and ankles
type of cloth: outdated riot control cloth
effect: immediate
estimate of toxicity:
effective dose ED50: 80 mg.min./m3
lethal dose LD50: 8500-25000 mg.min./m3
Sources:
www.chemicalbook.com
POTENTIAL MILITARY CHEMICAL/BIOLOGICAL AGENTS AND COMPOUNDS, 2005
Weapons of Mass Destruction - Current Security Threat, INSTITUTE OF SECURITY AND DEFENCE STUDIES MOSR, Bratislava, 2005
(tear-forming agent)
Chloracetophenone is considered an obsolete tear-forming agent and has mostly been replaced by chlorobenzalmalondinitrile (CS), which is both more effective and less toxic. In those affected, chloracetophenone causes redness and pain in the eyes along with blurred vision. In the lungs, it can cause edema (swelling) and even blistering of the skin at high concentrations. When large amounts of chloroacetophenone are used in a confined space, serious injuries or even death can occur to those affected.
basic information:
name:chloroacetophenone
label:CN
other names:
CAS registration number: 532-27-4
physical and chemical properties:
chemical name:2-chloroacetophenone
formula:C6H5-CO-CH2-Cl
molecular weight:154,59
normal physical state:colourless to white crystalline substance
odour: pungent, irritating
boiling point:244-248°C
melting point: 54-57°C
density: ?
vapor pressure:
345.8 mPa at 0°C
545.3 mPa at 20°C
flash point: 118°C
decomposition temperature: ?
solubility: soluble in ether, benzene and carbon disulfide
hydrolysis: slow to form hydrogen chloride
storage stability: moisture sensitive, cannot be stored in environments where amines, alcohols, water, or steam are present
reactions with metals and other materials: slightly corrosive to metals
toxicity:
eye: irritation
skin: irritation
inhalation: irritation
protection: protective mask and normal field clothing that also protects the neck, wrists and ankles
type of cloth: outdated riot control cloth
effect: immediate
estimate of toxicity:
effective dose ED50: 80 mg.min./m3
lethal dose LD50: 8500-25000 mg.min./m3
Sources:
www.chemicalbook.com
POTENTIAL MILITARY CHEMICAL/BIOLOGICAL AGENTS AND COMPOUNDS, 2005
Weapons of Mass Destruction - Current Security Threat, INSTITUTE OF SECURITY AND DEFENCE STUDIES MOSR, Bratislava, 2005