Letoun vznikl podle požadavku na pozemní strategický průzkumný letoun z roku 1936. Firma Caproni navrhla jednomotorový dvouplošný letoun s pevným podvozkem a dvojitou svislou ocasní plochou. K pohonu byl vybrán motor Isotta Fraschini Asso XI-RC.40. Prototyp sériového čísla M.M.330 poprvé vzlétl 23. ledna 1937 a intenzivně se testoval, následně byl objdnán druhý prototyp M.M.502. Ten se poprvé do vzduchu dostal 23. srpna 1940. Sériová výroba však objenána nebyla a osud letounů není znám.
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Zdroje: Sources:
Balous, Miroslav. Caproni Ca.165, L+K L+K 2008/03. Green, W.; Swanborough, G. Encyklopedie stíhacích letounů. Svojtka & Co., Praha 2002. ISBN 80-7237-341-2. Thompson, Jonathan. Italian Civil and Military Aircraft 1930-1945. Aero Publishers, 1963. ISBN 0-8168-6500-0.
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Caproni Ca.165
The aircraft was built to meet the Italian Air Force's requirement for a new biplane fighter to replace the Fiat CR.32. Several companies sent proposals, but the Air Force ordered the construction of only the Fiat project, which became the CR.42.
However, Caproni continued the development and built a prototype of the Ca.165 at its own expense. The design of the new aeroplane was based on the Ca.134 type just completed.
The prototype was completed at the end of 1937 and flew for the first time on 16 February 1938. However, the first tests did not go well and the prototype was significantly modified. For example, the fuselage behind the cabin was redesigned to improve visibility, the engine was given a more perfect cowl, and the originally retractable radiator became fixed. The armament was also strengthened, with the original 7.7 mm machine guns mounted above the engine being replaced by 12.7 mm guns.
This modified prototype was compared with the Fiat CR.42, and although it showed higher speed, the Fiat was more agile and climbed better. The originally planned test run of twelve was scrapped, and the Air Force instead ordered the more promising Caproni-Vizzola F.5.
The prototype Ca.165 was then used for various tests until 1942.
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