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K1 ROKIT (Type 88)
Development
The development of the South Korean K1 ROKIT (Republic of Korea Indigenous Tank) began in 1977 in cooperation with the American company General Dynamics Land Systems Division, which is known for producing American ABRAMS tanks. The first two prototypes, designated XK1, were built by the American company in 1981 based on the requirements of the South Korean army. In 1983, the prototypes were delivered to South Korea for military trials. Between 1983 and 1984, five more prototypes were built directly by Hyundai in South Korea. After the introduction of the K1 ROKIT tank into the South Korean Army's armament in 1985, mass production began. Between 1985 and 1994, 730 units of the K1 ROKIT were produced. According to various sources, by the end of 1996, the South Korean army would have 840 units of this tank. Between 1993 and 1994, four prototypes armed with a 120 mm gun were produced as part of the modernisation process. Series production of this modernised version, designated K1A1 ROKIT, began in 1997. By the end of 2010, the South Korean Army should have 300 units of the upgraded K1A1 type. The development of the K1 tank series should culminate in the K2 Black Panther type between 2010 and 2011.
Description
The K1 ROKIT tank does not deny its American origin and is very similar to the M1 ABRAMS tank. Many parts and components were taken from the aforementioned American tank, especially the 105mm M68A1 gun and the integrated fire control system. On the other hand, the power unit and transmission were made in Germany.
The layout of the tank is conventional with the driver's compartment in the left front part of the hull, the turret in the middle part of the hull and the engine compartment in the rear part. The commander and gunner have their stations in the right part of the turret, the loader's compartment is in the left part. The turret is equipped with welded steel baskets on both sides for tools, various accessories and crew equipment. The hull and turret of the tank are welded from steel plates and provide the crew with protection from infantry weapons and shrapnel from artillery shells.
The tank chassis consists of six running wheels on each side of the hull. The tension wheel is at the front and the drive wheel at the rear. The entire upper part of the drive train, including the two supporting pulleys, is covered by armoured side shields. The chassis is characterised by hybrid suspension of the running wheels. The centre running wheels are suspended by torsion bars. The first and last running wheels are equipped with hydropneumatic suspensions. This method of suspension of the running wheels allows the driver to regulate the ground clearance of the tank depending on the nature of the terrain currently being traversed.
The first development prototypes of the XK-1 produced in the USA were powered by American TELEDYNE Continental AVCR-1790 diesel engines. However, for series production of the K1 type, the South Korean Army opted for German-made MB-871 Ka-501 8-cylinder diesel engines with an output of 883 kW at 2,400 rpm. Torque transfer from the engine to the chassis is provided by an LSG 3000 automatic transmission with 4 forward and 2 reverse gears.
The main armament of the tank is the 105 mm M68A1 gun with a rifled barrel and thermal protection. The gun is stabilized in two planes. The cannon's aim is in the range from -10 degrees to +20 degrees, the aim of the whole turret is 360 degrees. The aiming and sighting of the turret is ensured by motor, in case of emergency manual control can be used. The additional armament of the tank consists of three machine guns. An anti-aircraft machine gun M2HB of 12.7 mm calibre and a machine gun M240 of 7.62 mm calibre, both mounted on the turret ceiling. A third machine gun M240 of 7.62 mm calibre is coupled to the cannon. Six M239 77 mm calibre smoke grenade launchers are mounted on either side of the turret face. Accuracy and effectiveness of fire is ensured by the US Hughes fire control system, which is similar to that of the M1 ABRAMS tank. The Hughes system consists of a ballistic digital computer, a stabilized panoramic commander's sight, a day and night gunner's sight, and a laser rangefinder. The system allows firing with over 90% probability of hitting a moving target while moving. The fire diameter carried is 47 rounds of 105 mm calibre ammunition for the cannon, 2 000 rounds of 12.7 mm calibre ammunition for the anti-aircraft gun and 8 600 rounds of 7.62 mm calibre ammunition.
The tank is also equipped as standard with a pressure filtering device against WMD, a fire detection device and an automatic fire extinguishing system. It is capable of wading to a depth of 1.2 m without preparation and up to 4 m after preparation with a deep wading attachment.
Versions and derived types
K1A1 ROKIT upgraded type with the Rh120/M256 120 mm cannon and improved fire control system.
The K2 Black Panther is the top type of the ROKIT tank series, expected to enter production in 2010-2011.
The K1 ROKIT AVLB (bridge tank) - the laying device and bridge were designed and manufactured by Vickers Defence Systems in the UK in 1990 and delivered to South Korea, where they were mounted on the K1 ROKIT tank's underbody. The bridge deck is of the scissor type and when unfolded is 22 m long, has a load capacity of 60 tonnes, takes 3 to 5 minutes to unfold and 10 minutes to assemble.
The K1 ROKIT ARV (salvage tank) - was developed by the German company Krupp Mak Maschinenbau GmbH. It is equipped with a winch with a maximum pulling force of up to 70 tons with the help of a pulley system, a dozer blade and a hydraulic crane with a lifting capacity of up to 25 tons.
Sources.
Ing. Miloš Soukup Tanks 2. - 3. vol., published by the Military Academy in Brno and ESo - video publishing house in cooperation with the editors of the Army Technical Magazine ( ATM), first edition Prague 1995, ISBN 80-85960-02-8. Christopher F. Foss: Jane′s Tanks - Recognition Manual, published by Jan Vašut Publishing House, first Czech edition in 2000 ISBN 80-7236-079-5
URL : https://www.valka.cz/KOR-K1-ROKIT-t6364#612077
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Reklama
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defence-ua.com: Južná Kórea poskytne Ukrajine ženijné tanky K600 Rhino. Pôjde o prvú dodávku ťažkej juhokórejskej techniky pre našich obrancov.
Orgány Južnej Kórey sa rozhodli odovzdať Ukrajine prvé dva ženijné tanky K600 Rhino na odstraňovanie mín. Tieto stroje dokážu vyčistiť mínové polia ako v tylových oblastiach, tak aj priamo na frontovej línii. Hoci tieto "nosorožce" K600 nie sú bojové vozidlá, ide o najťažšiu vojenskú techniku, akú si Južná Kórea doteraz trúfla previezť na Ukrajinu. Okrem toho boli tieto vozidlá K600, ako bolo uvedené, pridelené ako súčasť naliehavého rozhodnutia prezidenta Južnej Kórey podporiť našu krajinu dodatočným odmínovacím zariadením, píše juhokórejské vydanie The Chosun Ilbo.
Juhokórejskí novinári píšu, že úrady krajiny sa zdajú byť opatrné voči reakcii Ruska na takúto dodávku, a preto žiadajú našu krajinu, aby tieto inžinierske tanky používala len na humanitárne odmínovanie na odmínovaných územiach. Je tu ale ešte jeden zaujímavý detail – základom pre K600 Rhino je juhokórejský tank K1, ktorý je v podstate lokálnou kópiou amerického M1 Abrams, avšak s lokálnymi prvkami. Military Balance 2023 presne nešpecifikuje, koľko ženijných vozidiel K600 Rhino má juhokórejská armáda.
Ale namiesto toho autori tejto príručky píšu, že teraz má juhokórejská armáda k dispozícii celkom 1,5 tisíc tankov K1 rôznych modifikácií, ktoré tvoria jadro tankového parku Južnej Kórey. Pripomeňme, že už dávnejšie Defence Express hovoril o raketometoch KN-09 a KN-25 z KĽDR, o ktorých si ruskí „militanti“ fantazírujú, že ich presunú do ruskej armády.
K600 Rhino juhokórejskej armády. Zdroj: defence-ua.com
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