Zyklon B

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Cyklon B


Uvoľňuje jedovatý plynný kyanovodík HCN.
Bol používaný Nemcami počas 2. svetovej vojny v koncentračných táboroch.
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Zyklon-B-t39843#151923 Version : 0
The correct name is Zyklon-B (Cyklon is a Slovak transcription) These are granules from which the above-mentioned hydrogen cyanide is released. Originally, the product was developed for Disinsection (ie to kill insects) in clothing. The first use was reportedly in 1919 in prison camps. Since 1930, the product with this name has been manufactured by Degussa and other companies (during the war in Cologne n/L and in France) such as IG Farben. It was used in the Concentration Camps from the very beginning in 1933 as a disinfectant (just like in the army). In 1941, the vehicle was first used to kill prisoners, in Auschwitz, first on Jewish prisoners from September 1941, then on Soviet prisoners of war. The assassination continued until the end of the war not only in Auschwitz but also in other camps. However, the gas chambers were already functioning before this date, carbon monoxide or exhaust gases were used.
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Zyklon-B-t39843#151960 Version : 0
Zyklon B was a product primarily of the company Degesch (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Schädlingsbekämpfung).

The production and distribution accounted for another company.

Production:
- Fine (Dessauer Werke für Zucker und chemische Industrie AG) - probably the largest share of the production
- Kaliwerke AG Kolin - cologne draslovka
- SOFUMI - a joint venture of the companies Degesch and Ugine in France


Distribution:

- Testa (Tesch und Stabenow) - north and east of the Elbe
- Heli (over the river-Lingler) - to the west of the Elbe

Majtkové shares:

The firm Degesch was co companies:

- Degussa
- IG Farben
- Th. Goldschmidt AG.
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Zyklon-B-t39843#151986 Version : 0

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Ty granule - to by měla být granulovaná křemelina napuštěná HCN. Když se plechovka otevřela, začal se kyanovodík uvolňovat. Tento insekticid byl (a zřejmě dtále je) nadále vyráběn a používán i po válce (pod jinými obchodními názvy).
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Zyklon-B-t39843#151988 Version : 0

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Zyklon B vyrábala firma Degesch, ktorá jeho predajom zarobila v rokoch 1941-1944 takmer 300 000 ríšskych mariek. V KL Auschwitz sa v rokoch 1942-1943 spotrebovalo 20 000 kg zyklonu B. Podľa veliteľa tábora, Rudolfa Hössa, bolo na usmrtenie asi 1500 osôb potrebné 5-7 kg plynu.


Iróniou osudu je, že Zyklon B vyvinul v 20. rokoch 20. storočia Fritz Haber, nemecký Žid, ktorý emigroval v roku 1934.


Po vojne sa Zyklon B vyrábal naďalej pod názvom Uragan D2 v závode Draslovka Kolín a.s v Kolíně, Česká republika


Zyklon A


Predchodcom Zyklonu B, ktorý sa používal ako pesticíd, bol výrobok s názvom Zyklon A. Jeho aktívnou zložkou bol metylester kyseliny kyanomravčej (metylkyanoformiát). Keďže sa dal použiť ako prekurzor na výrobu chemických zbraní, jeho výrobu zakázala Versaillská mierová zmluva.


zdroj: ISBN 978-83-60210-45-1 (Kazimierz Smoleň,"Sprievodca", Osvienčim 2008)
http://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zyklon_B
Zyklon B - zdroj: osobny archiv fotografii

zdroj: osobny archiv fotografii
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Zyklon-B-t39843#277644 Version : 0
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