Aiči D1A [Susie]

Přehled verzí

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Aichi D1A - přehled verzí

九四式艦上爆撃機 - Kjújonšiki kandžó bakugekiki – palubní bombardér typ 94
九六式艦上爆撃機 - Kjúrokušiki kandžó bakugekiki – palubní bombardér typ 96


Spojenecké kódové jméno: Susie
Japonské jméno: ?


Označení Provedení letounu - popis
Ajči AB-9 takto byl označen prototyp He-66 po provedené rekonstrukci
Ajči D1A1 11 sériová výroba 118 letadel s motory Nakadžima Kotobuki 2 Kai 1
Ajči D1A1 12 sériová výroba 44 letadel s motory Nakadžima Kotobuki 3 s vyšším výkonem
Ajči AB-10 postaven jeden prototyp motorem Nakadžima Hikari 1, předchůdce pozdější verze
Ajči D1A2 21 postaveno 428 letadel s motory Nakadžima Hikari 1
Aichi D1A2-K 68 letadel bylo upraveno pro pokračovací výcvik




Výrobce Období výroby Vyrobeno kusů
Aichi Tokei Denki K. K., Nagoya 1934 – 1937 162 sériových D1A1
1936 – 1940 428 sériových D1A2
celkem 1934 – 1940 590 letadel


Použité prameny:
Tadeusz Januszewski a Kryzysztof Zalewski, Japońskie samoloty marynarski 1912-1945, tiel 1., Lampart, 2000, ISBN: 83-86776-50-1
http://www.combinedfleet.com/ijna/d1a.htm
archiv autora
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Aici-D1A-Susie-t32829#118684 Version : 0
Aichi D1A / Susie
onboard the bomber Type 94 and an on-board bomber Type 96

the Formation of dive bombers
With the idea to aim the aircraft at the target as with the fighter plane and drop bombs at the end of the raid conducted in a steep descending flight and then a sharp rising column of warm years, such an idea was in the u.s. air force at the very end of the twenties. Thanks to this new technology the raid was achieved relatively great success of the attacks on goal and was suitable for the destruction of small, but important goals, bridges, fortified objects and armoured targets. Then still not use any aids that would osádkám this challenging attack to facilitate, everything has been addressed only robustness of the structure of the aircraft, which was very loaded and any selection of crews.
Japanese naval air force closely followed the development of this new and effective techniques of the bombing and also the development of themselves dive bomber. One of the factories, where they began with the development of such aircraft was the German Heinkel. It was a development so far secretly but vigorously. Once they have begun the examination of the German aircraft was to them the puppets and the japanese engineer Junichiro Nagahata, get it soon in Japan tried to design your own aircraft of similar characteristics.

Japanese requirements and the first projects
Japanese naval air force requested the initiation of the development of the first on-board dive bomber for the first time already in 1931, when the ministry issued its specification 6-Shi, these specifications no manufacturer failed to respond, only Ing Nagahata volunteered aircraft Nakajima 6-Shi, which was built by the companies 中島飛行機株式会社 - Nakajima Hikōki Kabushiki Kaisha (hereinafter referred to as Nakajima) for the substantial assistance of the engineers Kaigun Kokusho in Yokohama. This project naval aviation come to a halt. The interesting thing is that nowhere has been mentioned the category of the naval dive bomber, the Japanese have tried to conceal the fact that they even interested in such a plane, therefore, is talk about airplanes with a special purpose.
The following year it is in the specifications of the 7-Shi navy requirement is repeated. The company Nakajima, which was a requirement directly forwarded, replied to the project N-35. On this project collaborated once again with the naval arsenal, and for the development of the again stood Ing Nagahata. Kaigun Koku Hombu, however, was far from satisfied, the first flight of the prototype has revealed many of the bad flight characteristics and the manufacturers recommended its revision according to new requirements. In 1933 in the specifications of the 8-Time are listed they the new technical requirements for this category of aircraft and
those are passed Nakajimě, the maritime arsenal in Yokohama, and the company 愛知時計電機株式会社 - Aichi Tokei Denki Seizo Kabushiki Kaisha.
Nakajima replied the prototype of the D2N1 then rebuilt for the D2N3, because to satisfy the conditions in the award, the naval arsenal in turn has suggested a project D2Y1 already earlier, these bodies work closely together and so eventually have been built in collaboration prototype D2N2 and D2N3 and the result – a fiasco, the aircraft was unstable in all flight modes and the most in a dive, therefore, it was the navies of the entire project terminated.

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the Use of the German model
Factory Aichi was invited and it was counted with by making use of your long-term cooperation with the German factory Heinkel Flugzeugwerke, and adjusts her dvouplošné dive bomber Heinkel He 50b, whose second prototype was the Japanese purchased. On the modification of the aircraft began work in 1933, the team of constructors, who led the Tokuhishiro Goaka, first was the replacement of the German motor Siemens SAM 22B for the japanese Nakajima Kotobuki 2 Kai-1, it was in Japan already produced Bristol Jupiter, this change forced the change of the engine cover, the one formed by a ring type Townend. Then it ran the negotiations with the German side on the other possible adjustments and on the rights of the licensed production. Original the He 50 was aircraft, which were not provided for operations over the ocean and take-offs and landings on the decks of aircraft carriers, therefore, with further adjustments related to amplification of the construction of the chassis and the hull, the hull was also modified so that here had its place of a second crew member. Under the fuselage there is a landing hook and the rear of the spur has been replaced with a wheel. The wings were zalomena into a slight arrow (5°) and changes are made to the shape of the fin. Under the fuselage for folding the forks up puma on the weight of 250 kg and two other třicetikilogramové could hang under the wings, the pilot had a more fixed machine gun Type 92, and the same gun, but in a full implementation could hinder in the rear part of the cabin of the shooter. The aircraft in the tests easily won over the competition and was in 1934 accepted into the arms of as "on-board bomber Type 94", nowhere was mention of the fact that it is a dive bomber. Soon passed the board exams on the aircraft carrier Ryujo and thus he opened the way to other aircraft carriers.

D1A1 and D1A2 production and operational deployment
Units of the naval air force to get a new machine in 1935, first came to the deck of the aircraft carrier Ryujo and soon the Akagi and Kagu. Of course their combat deployment in China and the crew of the new aircraft chválily. At that time, gave Germany China 24 dive bomber He 50, for export designated as He 66a. The chinese is deployed in the fighting around Beijing and because they knew about the form of the japanese D1A1, natřeli yellow color of the wings of their aircraft. There is no known case of a meeting or a confusion of the two types.1)
The first 118 production aircraft was delivered in the same design as the prototype, the last 44 of the manufactured aircraft received a more powerful engine Nakajima Kotobuki 3.
At a time when the first aircraft designated as the D1A1 began to receive on the deck of aircraft carriers, began Ing Goaka work on the next version of the bomber. The main change was the engine, now used engine Nakajima Hikari 1 (development of the engine Kotobuki) and the engine cover are then most similar to the cover of the NACA. The aircraft had aerodynamic covers of the undercarriage wheels and adjustments, with the objective of reducing the resistance of the air, went through the hull. Performance increased substantially and the naval aviation this improved type adopted as the "on-board bomber Type 96" or shortly D1A2. The production of this version took place in the years 1936-40. The fighting affected mainly in China and the u 12., 13., 14. and 15. Kokutai operated from land bases.
Aircraft Aichi D1A fulfilled completely sure of its role, the naval air force has learned to use this type of aircraft, the pilots have mastered the technique of the dive attack and the design team Aichi mastered the construction of such type of aircraft, and after the announcement of the specifications of the 11-Time has managed to project its own design, which in 1940 had already replaced the aging dvojplošníky D1A2, this new aircraft at the time became the most successful střemhlavým bomber, it was a bomber D3A1 Val. It that were the older D1A2 replaced in 1940 the new aircraft, that did not mean that at the time of the robbery Pearlu were not yet in service, did not serve already to nejexponovanějších places, but they were in the service of the still 68, then also were given their code name Susie.

[source]1) According to a History of Chinese Aviation Lennarta Andersson is, in fact, never any He 66 to China did not get to the meeting, therefore, be did not. Note. Aubi [/resources].
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Aici-D1A-Susie-t32829#236780 Version : 0
Used sources:
Robert C Mikesh and Shorzoe Abe:"Japanese Aircraft 1910-1941"; Naval Institute Press; Anapolis; year 1990; ISBN: 1557505632
Tadeusz Januszewski and Kryzysztof Zalewski:"Japońskie samoloty marynarski 1912-1945" episode 1.; Lampart; year 2000; ISBN: 83-86776-50-1
Lubomír Vejřík: "the Rise and fall of eagles Nipponu 1931-1941 Prologue", the Release of World of wings, Cheb, first edition, 1994, ISBN 80-85280-26-4
L+K 20/1987, str.25, Václav Němeček, Aircraft 39-45
http://www.combinedfleet.com/ijna/d1a.htm
http://www.aviastar.org/air/japan/aichi_d1a.php
http://www.airtoaircombat.com/detail.asp?id=561
http://www.airtoaircombat.com/detail.asp?id=573
the archive of the author.
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