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Příjmení: Surname:
Engel
Engel
Jméno: Given Name:
František
František
Jméno v originále: Original Name:
František Engel
Všeobecné vzdělání: General Education:
DD.MM.1928-DD.MM.1934 Univerzita Karlova
DD.MM.1928-DD.MM.1934 Charles University
Vojenské vzdělání: Military Education:
DD.MM.1934-DD.MM.RRRR Škola na důstojníky zdravotnictví v záloze, Praha / DD.MM.1946-DD.MM.1947 Vysoká škola válečná, Praha / DD.08.1948-DD.MM.1950 Vojenská lekárska akadémia S. M. Kirova, Leningrad /
DD.MM.1934-DD.MM.RRRR Škola na důstojníky zdravotnictví v záloze, Praha / DD.MM.1946-DD.MM.1947 Military University, Praha / DD.08.1948-DD.MM.1950 Vojenská lekárska akadémia S. M. Kirova, Leningrad /
Důstojnické hodnosti: Officer Ranks:
01.01.1937 podporučík zdrav. v. z. 01.07.1942 poručík v. z. 01.07.1944 nadporučík v. z. 15.09.1944 kapitán v. z. 18.10.1944 štábní kapitán v. z. 01.07.1945 major v. z. 01.10.1945 podplukovník 01.10.1946 plukovník 06.01.1949 brigádní generál 01.10.1966 generálporučík
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MUDr. František Engel was born into a poor Jewish family. His father was a Hungarian Jew Vojtech Engel, his mother Malvína, née Hexner was a native of Liptovská Lúžná. František came from a large family, he had 8 siblings.
He first attended school in a municipal school with Hungarian language of instruction in Poprad, in 1919-1928 he graduated from a real grammar school in Kežmarok with German language of instruction. In May 1934 he successfully graduated from the Faculty of Medicine of Charles University in Prague. After that he joined the Artillery Regiment 2 in Pilsen and at the same time graduated from the School for Reserve Medical Officers in Prague. He also served as the detachment's medic during the 1938 mobilization, already at the rank of second lieutenant in the reserve. During his full-time service he also served as a doctor in Telegraph Battalion 4 in Prešov and from November 1935 also as a secondary doctor in Garrison Hospital Prešov. He left for the reserve in July 1936.
He began his civilian medical practice as a secondary physician in Berehove. After its occupation by Hungary, he first worked for a few weeks in Kriva at Chust, and later as head physician of the branch of the Provincial Hospital in Rachov.
In April 1939 he managed to escape to Poland, where he joined a group of political refugees. Together with others, he went to the area of Rovno, which a few months later began to be occupied by the Red Army. As there was a shortage of doctors, he became the head doctor of the regional hospital in Mizoca, and from January 1940 he headed the surgical department in the village of Kletskaya on the Don. In early 1941 he was transferred with his wife MUDr. Gertruda Engel, née Frankenstein, to Srednaya Akhtuba in Stalingrad Oblast (now Volgograd Oblast).
After both of them learned about the emerging Czechoslovak unit in Buzuluk, they arrived there on 10.02.1942. František was awarded the First Republican rank of second lieutenant. He and his wife married for the second time on 04.07.1942 (after the first marriage they both kept their own surnames, which later caused them problems).
František Engel was put in charge of the medical service. On 01.07.1942 he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant in the reserve and appointed commander of the medical platoon. In January 1943, he became a chief field officer and went to the front with 1st Czechoslovak Field Battalion. In April 1943 he was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War II and the Czechoslovak War Cross 1939 for his services in the fighting at Sokolov. After the reorganization of the Czechoslovak troops in June 1943, he runs a course for medical non-commissioned officers and wounded collectors, and in July 1943 becomes the commander of the medical company of the 1st Czechoslovak Independent Brigade, and in February 1944 its chef de mission. In the summer of 1944, he is appointed to the post of commander of the 1st Czechoslovak Army Corps medical battalion. During the fighting in the Dukla Pass, he carried out the most difficult operations in field conditions.
Towards the end of the war, he became chief of the medical service (chief field officer) of the 1st Czechoslovak Army Corps. After the end of the war, he remained in the army and served until May 1946 as chief of the medical service at the Headquarters of the 1st Area Command in Prague. After graduating from the War College in Prague, he was transferred to the Ministry of National Defence as head of the medical department of the Medical Department. From there, in August 1948, he was sent to study at the S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy in Leningrad (Command Faculty) for two years.
After returning from his studies already at the rank of Brigadier General, he became Chief of Medical Service at the 1st Military District Headquarters in Prague. But already in 1951 he is dismissed from the army and stripped of all his functions as an alleged class enemy. The real reason, however, was his private relations and friendship with Bedřich Reicin, which dates back to his days in Buzuluk.
After his discharge from the army, he began working as a doctor at the construction of the Slap Dam until his rehabilitation in 1955. On 01.07.1955 he was assigned to the Department of Organization and Tactics of the Medical Service of the J. E. Purkyně Military Medical Academy in Hradec Králové. Subsequently, he became chief of the 4th District Hospital in České Budějovice. From October 1956, he served as deputy chief of the medical administration of the Main MNO rear. In 1959, he took over as chief of the Central Military Hospital Praha.
During the occupation of Czechoslovakia, the grounds of the hospital were occupied by the Soviet Army. Lieutenant General Engel delivered a speech against the occupation of the Czechoslovakia from the balcony of the command building. For this reason, he was released to civilian life at the end of August 1970. His wife was dismissed from the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia and their only son was forced to emigrate. After his release from the army, František Engel began working as a doctor in the military convalescent home in Měřín, and from the spring of 1972 he started working as a factory doctor at the District Institute of National Health in Prague. After his health deteriorated, he died on 16.07.1972. His rehabilitation took place only after 1989.
Source: Klůc, Jiří: The Forgotten Slovak Doctors in Buzuluk, Vojnová kronika 2018 / 02 Jan Štaigl et al: Generali - slovenská vojenská generalita 1918-2012, 2nd updated edition, Magnet Press Slovakia s.r.o. 2012, ISBN 978-80-89169-25-2
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