SOV - OSP-48 (přistávací systém)

Landing system OSP-48
Oборудований систем посадки - ОСП-48

System OSP-48 was the oldest soviet radio navigation standard used in civil and military aviation from the end of the forties, but already by the late fifties, was being progressively replaced by the SP-50, which was written in 1950.


Enable - after approach to airport airspace implementation the final part of the landing manoeuvre of an aeroplane equipped with an on-board radio sight (Radio direction finder=D/F) radiopolokompasem ( on the bc. RPKO-10M) or radiokompasem (on the bc. ARK-5), receiver marker, and later radiovýškoměrem.

The basis of the system was a pair of habitats afferent broadcast stations (non-directional radio beacons / Non Directional Beacon - (NDB)- Locator (L), working on frequencies in the range of 150 - 1300 kHz, located on tarmac in the axis of the runway at distances of 4 000 m and 1000 m from its threshold ( in practice, have been a distance sometimes of a different +/- 50 m).

For the designation of their crossing were added by/limit radiomajákem (marker), operating on a frequency of 75 MHz.

1. habitat (4000 m from the threshold) was identified
"Remote / Dálná přívodná radio station" (Дальней приводной радиостанции - ДПРС).
The transmitter worked with the modulated telegrafií (And 2) and for identification have been klíčovány two brands of "morse".
and "Far indicator radio beacon" (Дальний маркерный маяк)/
= Fernfunkfeuer (FFF)=Locator (L) at the Outer Marker (OM) (LOM). Keying is automatic with the speed of the two bars/sec.

2. habitat (1000 m from the threshold) was identified
"Close / Bližná přívodná radio station" (ближней приводной радиостанции - БПРС).
The transmitter worked with the modulated telegrafií (And 2) and for the identification was klíčována one brand of "morse".
and "Close indicator radio beacon" (Ближний маркерный маяк)/
= Nahfunkfeuer (NFF)=Locator at Middle Marker (MM) (LMM). Keying is automatic with a speed of 6 dots/sec.


The system has been since 1952 the standard means used also in čs. the air force and also in other military letectvech of the soviet bloc.

The most common type of afferent broadcast stations were types: PAR-3 / Приводная авиационная радиостанция ПАР-3,
PAR-7 / Приводная авиационная радиостанция ПАР-7,

signal beacons are a type of MRM-48 / [also]Mаркерный Paguo Mаяк MPM-48.

Radio navigation system for approach and landing even under adverse weather conditions in the daytime (ZPPD) and in normal weather conditions at night (NPPN) at military airports complement the radio direction finders - on the bc. KV scope PKV-45 Пеленгатор ПKB-45
( on some of our airports DFG-26/4)
and
VHF sight ARP-5 / Автоматический Радио Пеленгатор АРП-5.
Sights were mostly located in the axis of the VPD, but their location has not been "fixed" - they were before the input threshold for the end threshold.

Furthermore, in the system světlotechnické means:
a) Neon code beacon KNS-1 / Кодовый неоновый светомаяк КНС-1
Served for visual signaling. It was mostly placed on the post "bližné", aired, however, the identifying mark of the "distant"!

b) Světlotechnický system LUČ-1 / Cистема освещения aэродромa ЛУЧ - 1.
Navigation lights was developed at a distance of 1 000 m - from "bližné" in the so-called foreland after the input threshold of the GPA, to further line the lights around your own GPA and even "take-off" of the light.

c) Airport floodlight architecture lighthouses (světlomety)APM-90 / [also]Аэродромный прожекторный маяк AПM-90.
Formed a group of 2 - 3 sites and serve to illuminate the foreground, the threshold of the VPD and places dosedu. Part of the habitat was also the security and control of the so-called "light T".



Source: VÚA Prague (regulation for Aviation security service ref. VL-058633/53)
www.valka.cz
https://ru.wikipedia.org
Own archive.

The OSP-48 system was "maintained" at a number of airports until the late 1950s.


While maintaining the original "pattern" of the deployment of radio and lighting equipment was gradually improved by using more modern versions of power stations, radio sights, but also improving the "visibility" of lighting equipment at night and in adverse weather conditions.
The Code neon beacon KNS-2S (S = stationary) was installed on the "neighbor" station, and the addition of runway lights/omnidirectional lights on both sides of the row was, for example, headlights in the "foreground "VPD replaced by neon/sodium luminaires and at the same time their number increased.


The system was then called OSP-N (N = night)


Source: Own archive